Friday, 24 May 2024

CIVIL SERVICES PRELIMS, 2024 Model Questions (for GS Paper ) Set No. 23 {Prepared on 24 .5.2024 } :Constitution of India and Handicrafts

 

CIVIL SERVICES PRELIMS, 2024

Model Questions (for GS Paper )

Set No.   23    {Prepared on    24 .5.2024 }

 

Also useful for

TSPSC GROUP I  Prelims 2024

                                                                   For Study purpose only

Prepared by :Praturi Potayya Sarma,MA(OU),LLB(OU),PGDIRPM


 

 

CURRENT AFFAIRS QUESTIONS RELATING TO Constitution of India and Handicrafts

Note: For any clarification please refer  to the prescribed text books

 

1)Consider the following :

 

1)Given the vast amount of work and range of topics, it becomes difficult to examine all issues in detail in a house of over 500 members.

 

2)Therefore, Parliament has constituted several committees, each typically having 20-35 members, to scrutinise various issues and make recommendations to the full House.

 

3)These include financial committees, departmentally related standing committees (DRSCs), and various other committees such as those looking at privileges and ethics, setting the daily agenda for the two Houses, and looking at subordinate legislation.

 

4)It may be useful to understand some critical work that committees perform which would be tough to do in the full House.

 

5)During the process of examination of any issue, committees often engage with experts and stakeholders to understand issues from different perspectives. This enables Parliament to access external expertise and also to understand the concerns of people who may be impacted by an issue or a bill.

6)The committee system also enables MPs to negotiate across conflicting priorities and positions. This can be seen from the fact that most reports are given a unanimous vote, though there are a few instances of dissent notes by some members

 

 

 

 

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1,2,3,4,5,6
(b) 2 and 3 
(c) 1 and 3 
(d) None

Answer. a

 

 

 

 

 

 

2)Consider the following :

 

1)There are three financial committees.

 

2)The Public Accounts Committee (PAC) examines the reports of the Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) on the working of various Ministries, considers the responses of the officials, and makes its recommendations. In this way, it helps ensure post-facto scrutiny of use of public funds.

 

3)The Committee on Public Undertakings (CoPU) performs a similar role with respect to public sector enterprises.

 

4)The Estimates Committee looks at whether funds were allocated efficiently for various priorities

 

5)The PAC is chaired by a senior member of the opposition. In the period of the 16th Lok Sabha (2014-19), the committee submitted 137 reports containing 957 recommendations, 80% of which were accepted by the Government.

 

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1,2,3,4,5
(b) 2 and 3 
(c) 1 and 3 
(d) None

Answer. a

 

 

 

3)Consider the following :

 

 

1)The Parliament has constituted 24 such committees, each of which examines the functioning of a set of Ministries and departments.

 

2) They examine bills that are referred to them, demand for grants of the departments, and various subjects that fall within the jurisdiction of the respective ministry (for example, the committee on home affairs may examine the working of CRPF).

 

3)The reports of the committees are tabled in the House.

 

4)The Government also responds to its recommendation and the final report is prepared.

 

5)All bills are not automatically referred to Committees (unlike the British Parliament where scrutiny by committee is a mandatory step in the process for all bills other than money bills). The decision is made by the Speaker of Lok Sabha or Chairman of Rajya Sabha in consultation with the Government. The percentage of bills referred to committees has declined in recent years

 

 

 

 

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1,2,3,4,5
(b) 2 and 3 
(c) 1 and 3 
(d) None

Answer. a

 

 

 

 

 

 

4)Consider the following :

 

1)While Parliament passes a bill into an Act, it often delegates details to be laid out by the Government through rules or statutory bodies through regulations.

 

2) For example, the RBI Act allows RBI to determine the statutory liquidity ratio subject to a maximum level.

 

3)The committee on subordinate legislation examines rules and regulations to ensure that they follow the legislative intent in letter and spirit.

 

4)There is a need to strengthen the working of parliamentary committees. They do not have expert research staff to assist the members. Often important bills are not referred to these committees; it may be time to revisit parliamentary processes to make this a mandatory step.

 

5) The attendance of members is close to 50%, much thinner than the 80% plus in the House

 

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1,2,3,4,5
(b) 2 and 3 
(c) 1 and 3 
(d) None

Answer. a

 

 

 

5)Consider the following :

 

1)The Constitution of India was drafted by a Constituent Assembly (set up under the Cabinet Mission Plan of 1946) between the years 1946 and 1949.

 

2)Dr. Rajendra Prasad served as the President of this body.

 

3)299 members (including 15 women) of the Assembly took less than three years (1946- 1949) to draft the Constitution.

 

4)The Constituent Assembly members met over 11 sessions between December 1946 and November 1949.

 

5)On 29 August 1947, the Constituent Assembly set up a Drafting Committee under the chairmanship of Dr. B.R. Ambedkar to prepare a draft Constitution.

 

6)The Constitution of India was adopted on 26 November 1949. It came into effect on 26 January 1950.

 

7)On that day, the assembly ceased to exist transforming itself into the provisional Parliament of India until a new Parliament was constituted in 1952.

 

8)While deliberating upon the draft Constitution, the Assembly moved, discussed and disposed off 2473 amendments out of a total of 7635 amendments tabled.

 

9)Out of the 299 members, 284 members actually signed the Constitution.

 

 

10)Members of the Constituent Assembly were chosen through indirect elections by the Provincial Legislative Assemblies, as per recommendation of the Cabinet Mission. The Assembly had 299 members, with 229 representing the provinces and 70 representing states.

 

 

11)The Constituent Assembly appointed a total of 13 committees to deal with different tasks of constitution-making. Out of these, eight were major committees and the others were minor committees. Names of 8 major committees of the Constituent Assembly • Drafting Committee • Union Power Committee • Union Constitution Committee • Provincial Constitution Committee • Advisory Committee on Fundamental Rights, Minorities and Tribal and Excluded Areas • Rules of Procedure Committee • States Committee • Steering Committee

 

 

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11
(b) 2 and 3 
(c) 1 and 3 
(d) None

Answer. a

 

 

 

 

 

 

6)Consider the following :

 

1)The Constituent Assembly adopted the National Flag on 22 July 1947 & the National Anthem and National Song on 24 January 1950

 

2) Sh. Nand Lal Bose, a pioneer of modern Indian Art, designed the borders of every page of the Constitution and adorned it with art pieces.

 

3)Sh. Prem Behari Narain Raizada, a master of calligraphic art, single handedly handwrote the Constitution. It took him 6 months to complete the task and charged no money for the job.

 

 

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1,2,3
(b) 2 and 3 
(c) 1 and 3 
(d) None

Answer. a

 

 

 

7)Consider the following :

 

1)The key idea behind incorporation of the 11 fundamental duties in our Constitution was to emphasize the obligation of citizens in exchange for the comprehensive rights enjoyed by them.

 

2)Fundamental duties focus on key values of Respect, Pride, Tolerance, Peace, Growth and Harmony.

 

3)Introduced into the Constitution in 1976 by the 42nd Constitution Amendment Act, Fundamental Duties prescribe the fundamental, moral, and obligatory duties of citizens to the nation.

 

4)A committee constituted while recommending insertion of Fundamental Duties opined that steps needed to be taken to ensure that citizens did not overlook their duties while exercising their Fundamental Rights.

 

5)The 11th Fundamental Duty regarding education opportunities for children was added to the Constitution by the 86th AmendmentAct, 2002.

 

 

 

 

 

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1,2,3,4,5
(b) 2 and 3 
(c) 1 and 3 
(d) None

Answer. a

 

 

 

 

 

 

8)Consider the following :

1)After independence and adoption of the Constitution of India, Community Development projects were inaugurated in 1952 in line with the experiments at Santiniketan, Vadodara and Nilokheri.

 

2)In 1957, Balwant Rai Mehta Committee was constituted, which submitted the report stating that, ‘Public participation in community works should be organised through statutory representative bodies, such as agencies at the village level which can represent the entire community, assume responsibility and provide leadership in the rural development programmes of the government

 

3)National Development Council was established on the basis of the principle of democratic decentralisation, which spread the word ‘Panchayati Raj’ into the main frame of discussion about the rural development.

 

4)First three-tier Panchayati Raj system was inaugurated on 2 October, 1959 in Nagaur, Rajasthan.

 

5)The Jayaprakash Narayan Committee further strengthened the idea of Panchayati Raj and the Ministry of Community Development was brought under the Ministry of Food and Agriculture in 1971 and the word ‘Community Development’ was replaced with the ‘Rural Development’.

 

6) The Ashok Mehta Committee, 1978 is the one which recommended for introducing the Panchayati Raj as a Constitutional institution through an amendment. In spirit of Mehta Committee, the States including West Bengal, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh brought in new initiatives by reviewing their local bodies by entrusting more powers and finances. The West Bengal Panchayat Act, 1973 brought direct elections at regular intervals as a compulsory provision, and deleted the discretionary power of the State in postponing the elections. The Act further provided the financial powers to the third tier of the governance, such as tax collection, non-tax revenues etc.

 

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1,2,3,4,5,6
(b) 2 and 3 
(c) 1 and 3 
(d) None

Answer. a

 

 

 

9)Consider the following :

 

 

 

1)The 64th Amendment Bill was introduced stating that, “Panchayat Raj is an important facet of democracy and its constitutional protection is must for their functioning as representative institutions of the people”.

2)Later, the 64th Amendment Bill was followed by 65th Amendment Bill that sought to endow urban local bodies in similar lines of Panchayat Raj.

3)Though both the bills received the required constitutional majority, the bills failed to take the shape of amendment legislation

 

 

 

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1,2,3
(b) 2 and 3 
(c) 1 and 3 
(d) None

Answer. a

 

 

 

 

 

 

10)Consider the following :

 

1)Though India did not ignore the importance of the Panchayat Raj system and strengthening of the villages, the focus of the Indian government in the first fifty years was on national development.

 

2)In the year 1992-93, 73rd and the 74th amendments were brought into the Indian Constitution which recognised local self-governance as the third stratum of government.

 

3)The statement of objects and reasons of the 73rd Amendment, 1992 the Parliament recognised the existence of Panchayat Raj Institution in India as a social institution and aimed to provide it the constitutional status by introducing relevant provisions into the Constitution.

 

4)Article 40 of the Constitution which is part of Directive Principles of State Policy states that, ‘State shall take steps to organise village panchayats and endow them with such powers and authority as may be necessary to enable them to function as units of self-government.’

 

5)Recognising that Panchayat Raj Institution in India should be granted certainty, continuity and strength for acquiring the national development, Part IX was introduced which consists of the provisions relating to Panchayats

 

 

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1,2,3,4,5
(b) 2 and 3 
(c) 1 and 3 
(d) None

Answer. a

 

 

 

11)Consider the following ABOUT 73rd Amendment Act  :

 

 

1)introduced direct elections for Panchayats,

2)reservation of seats for the SCs and STs in proportion to their population for membership of Panchayats and office of Chairpersons;

3)reservation of not less than one-third of the seats for women;

4)fixed tenure of five years for Panchayats and holding of elections within a period of six months on the eve of suppression of any Panchayats, disqualification of membership of Panchayat,

5)devolution of the State Legislature’s powers over Panchayats with respect of economic development and social justice,

6)created financial powers for the Panchayats through grants-inaid from the consolidated fund of State, assignment to Panchayats by State or appropriation of revenues by Panchayats of designated taxes, duties, tolls and fee, setting of finance commission etc.

 

 

 

 

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1,2,3,4,5,6
(b) 2 and 3 
(c) 1 and 3 
(d) None

Answer. a

 

 

 

 

 

 

12)Consider the following :

 

1)After 73rd Amendment, Nagaur district of Rajasthan followed by Andhra Pradesh conducted the first elections for Panchayat Raj.

2)The incorporation of Panchayat Raj system into the constitutional framework brought the disadvantages section of population into the mainstream social and political empowerment through 2.4 lakh Panchayats and 2.8 million elected representatives, among them over 30% were women, 19% were SC, 12% were ST and also OBCs in proportion to the population in the most States.

 

3)The digitalisation process of Gram Panchayats brought in transparency and good governance principles into the Panchayati Raj system.

 

4)Ombudsman, Social Audit, Model Accounting System, Panchayat Performance Assessment initiatives were introduced to develop discipline and progress within the institution

 

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1,2,3,4
(b) 2 and 3 
(c) 1 and 3 
(d) None

Answer. a

 

 

 

13)Consider the following :

 

 

 

1)The statement of objects and reasons of the 73rd Amendment, 1992 the Parliament recognised the existence of Panchayat Raj Institution in India as a social institution

2)It aimed to provide it the constitutional status by introducing relevant provisions into the Constitution.

 

 

 

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) Both 1 and 2
(b) 1 only
(c) 2 only  
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Answer. a

 

 

 

 

 

 

14)Consider the following :

1)Constitutionalism envisages checks and balances and puts the powers of the legislature, executive and judiciary under restraint.

2)The very essence of constitutionalism is that no organ of the state may arrogate powers to itself, beyond what is specified in the Constitution.

3) As observed by K. G. Balakrishnan, former Chief Justice of India, “the Constitution lays down the structure and defines the limits and demarcates the role and functions of every organ of the State including the judiciary and establishes norms for their interrelationships, checks and balances.”

 

 

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1,2,3
(b) 2 and 3 
(c) 1 and 3 
(d) None

Answer. a

 

 

 

15)Consider the following :

 

1)The Indian Constitution provides a third and distinct model of separation of powers.

 

2)The other two commonly followed models include - the American Constitution with a rigid separation of powers among the three organs, giving judiciary a unique position;  and the Constitution of UK (Westminster model) with a loose separation based on the principle of supremacy of the Parliament.

 

3)In India, the Constitution is the ultimate sovereign and if anything goes beyond the provisions of the Constitution, it will automatically be considered as null, void and unconstitutional. There is a consciousness among the organs of the government that their powers are not unconditional and permanent

 

4)The separation of powers may not mean equal balance of powers, but it definitely acts as a check on one another

 

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1,2,3,4
(b) 2 and 3 
(c) 1 and 3 
(d) None

Answer. a

 

 

 

 

 

 

16)Consider the following :

 

1)India resorted to parliamentary form of government as opposed to presidential form of government.

 

2)However, the Indian Parliament is not supreme as the British Parliament. In UK, Parliament is given immense power to amend, repeal or modify the Constitution but in India there is difference between statutory law and constitutional law.

 

3)Special provisions are incorporated in the Constitution to make amendments as per Article 368.

 

4)However, the Supreme Court in Kesavananda Bharati v. The State of Kerala (1973) held that any amendment tampering with the basic features of the Constitution will be struck down as unconstitutional.

 

5)In India, Parliament derives its mandate from the Constitution and has no

unfettered or arbitrary jurisdiction to override the Constitution.

 

6)The Indian Constitution does not strictly follow the principle of separation of powers. The executive is part of the legislature and is responsible to it. Functionally, the President’s or the Governor’s assent is required at the centre and states respectively for all legislations.

 

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1,2,3,4,5,6
(b) 2 and 3 
(c) 1 and 3 
(d) None

Answer. a

 

 

 

17)Consider the following :

 

1)The President (Article 123) or the Governor (Article 213) has the power of making ordinances when both houses of the legislature are not in session, which has the same status as that of a law of the legislature.

 

2)The instances where governance by ordinance has been resorted to by the executive as a means of bypassing the normal process of legislation cannot be ruled out.

 

3)Article 311 allows the executive to hold an enquiry into charges against any person holding a civil post under the Union or the State and to award punishment.

 

4)The President or the Governor has the power to grant pardon or modify the punishment of a convicted person.

 

5)The legislature performs judicial function as Parliament can punish members as well as outsiders for breach of its privileges or its contempt by reprimand, admonition or imprisonment (also suspension or expulsion in case of members).

 

6)Executive is dependent on the legislature while it performs some legislative functions in the form of subordinate legislation.

 

7)The legislature which controls the executive and can even remove it, also performs some executive functions such as those required for maintaining order in the House

 

8)The Forty-second Amendment (1976) introduced Articles 323A and 323B which authorise Parliament and the state legislatures, respectively, to create tribunals to which the power of adjudication of disputes on various subjects can be transferred. The jurisdiction of the courts is excluded in respect of those subjects. The Articles also made it possible to totally exclude the powers of judicial review under Articles 32 and 226 and vest such powers in tribunals legislatively.

 

9)The Parliament has the right to legislate on the constitution, organisation, jurisdiction and powers of the Supreme Court and High Courts. The power of impeachment of judges is reserved to Parliament although it ultimately depends on parliamentary majority to determine the outcome of the procedure. 10)The functional overlap prevailing under the Indian Constitution also allows the executive to perform key legislative and judicial functions. Under the Constitution, it is supposedly left to the President to decide the number of judges to be appointed to High Courts as well as to decide finally who is to be appointed as a judge, whether of the Supreme Court or the High Court.

 

 11)Perhaps, the most unusual form of legislative powers granted under the Constitution to the executive are listed under emergency provisions (Articles 352, 356 and 360).

 

 

 

 

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,910,11
(b) 2 and 3 
(c) 1 and 3 
(d) None

Answer. a

 

 

 

 

 

 

18)Consider the following :

 

1)The judiciary with its power to judicial review takes a call on the acts of omission and commission of the legislature and executive, in the context of the constitutional provisions and the well-established principles of the rule of law, based on the concept of ‘fairness’. This exclusive authority bestows judiciary with greater responsibility to be more careful and cautious while exercising

its power of judicial review.

 

2)It has to honor and not breach the avowed principle of separation of powers. The application of judicial review to determine constitutionality of the legislation and to review the executive decision sometimes creates conflict among the three pillars of democracy. However, the Constitution speaks through the Supreme Court which sits in judgment over the constitutional validity of laws enacted by the Parliament. The decision of the court further legitimises or stigmatises the law or any other decision of the legislature or the executive.

 

3)Article 32 of the Constitution makes it the guardian of the inviolable fundamental rights guaranteed to citizens for the protection of which it can issue writs.

 

4)Even High Courts enjoy this power under Article 226 for the protection of not only fundamental rights but also other legal rights.

 

5)Article 141 provides that the law declared by the Supreme Court shall be binding on all courts of India.

 

6)Under Article 142, it may pass such decree or make such order as is necessary for providing complete justice in any cause or matter pending before it, and Article 144 mandates that all authorities, civil and judicial, shall work in the aid of the Supreme Court. These three Articles make the Supreme Court, the most powerful institution of the country.

 

7)This imposes restrictions on the constituent power of Parliament that the basic structure of the Constitution is not amendable.

 

8)A nine-judge Constitution bench of the Apex Court, with a majority of six, ruled that presidential satisfaction for dismissing state governments is judicially reviewable.

 

 9)In 2006, the dissolution of the Bihar Assembly was declared as unconstitutional.

 

10)The Supreme Court went to the extent of ruling that even the President’s or the Governor’s decision in cases of pardon of convicts sentenced to death would be subject to the judicial review.

 

 

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10
(b) 2 and 3 
(c) 1 and 3 
(d) None

Answer. a

 

 

 

19)Consider the following :

 

1)Though there is a broad agreement on principles of separation of powers, in practice, from time to time, a dispute arises whether one organ of the State has exceeded the boundaries assigned to it under the Constitution. This was the case in 1973 in Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala, when the power of the legislature to amend the Constitution was considered by the Supreme Court. The Court confirmed that ‘basic structure’ of the Constitution was an unalterable feature of Indian Constitution which could not be amended even by an Act of Parliament.

 

2)In 1975, however, this view was challenged by the then government before a special bench of the Supreme Court. It is pertinent to refer to the case of Indira Gandhi v. Raj Narain, which was a landmark judgment for many reasons. Former Prime Minister Indira Gandhi’s election to the Lok Sabha had been held invalid by the Allahabad High Court on the ground that she had used corrupt practices as defined under Section 8A of the Representation of the People Act 1951. She had appealed to the Supreme Court which stayed the Allahabad High Court’s decision subject to certain conditions. The Parliament passed the Constitution (Thirty-ninth Amendment) Act 1975, while the appeal was pending. This provided that no election of a person to either House of Parliament, who held the office of the Prime Minister, at the time of such election or was appointed Prime Minister after such election, shall be called in question, except before such an authority or body and in such manner as might be provided for, by or under any law made by Parliament. It was argued that the Parliament was supreme and represented the sovereign will of the people. As such, if the people’s representatives in Parliament decided to change a particular law to curb individual freedom or limit the scope of judicial scrutiny, the judiciary had no right to question whether it was constitutional or not. However, the Supreme Court held that the provisions of the above amendment violated the ‘basic structure’ of the Constitution. The main ground was that the legislature could not decide a dispute in accordance with the legislative procedure and that such a function must be performed by a judicial body in a judicial manner. A constitutional amendment was a legislative instrument and any exercise of judicial power by it was ultra vires the legislative power. It was the first time in the history of independent India that a Prime Minister’s election was set aside, a constitutional amendment was struck down by applying the doctrine of ‘basic structure’ and election laws were amended retrospectively to validate the nullified election of the Prime Minister. The persuasive legal argument of Mr. Palkhivala, the then Chief Justice of India upheld the ‘basic structure’ doctrine and it was re-affirmed as an inalienable feature of our Constitution.

 

3)The verdict of the Supreme Court on the 99th Constitution Amendment Act and the National Judicial Appointments Commission (NJAC), declaring them to be ultra vires the Constitution is another glaring example when any parliamentary Act is overturned as unconstitutional on the principle of judicial review.

 

4)The recent judgment of the Supreme Court on the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act 1989 and the populist response of the Parliament in enacting Section 18A in the said Act virtually circumvented the diktat of the judgment passed by the Supreme Court. These are the challenges to judicial review and a concern for contemplation of constitutional experts

 

 

 

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1,2,3,4
(b) 2 and 3 
(c) 1 and 3 
(d) None

Answer. a

 

 

 

 

 

 

20)Consider the following :

 

1)The gaps left by the legislature in matters of legislation or by the executive in the matter of executive governance are expected to be filled by the judiciary.

 

 2)Judiciary may get activated by the people (Public Interest Litigation) or by its own (suo motu).

 

3)Judicial activism is a judicial response to a situation warranting immediate remedial measures. It is an affirmative concept that has to be marked by promptitude, diligence and consistency.

 

4)In recent decades, the judiciary has been frequently charged with overstepping (judicial overreach)

into the arenas of other wings by interpreting laws in a particular way.

 

5)The matter came to such a pass that on 3 December, 2007, the Lok Sabha witnessed a stormy debate on the issue, under Rule 193 of the Rules of Procedure and Conduct of Business in Lok Sabha, where members across party lines were vociferous in their criticism of the judiciary for its alleged interference with the functioning of the legislature and the executive. The courts often try to frame laws not by interpreting the existing laws but by directing the State to formulate and implement policies which are required to be in conformity and in consonance with the views of the particular court or courts.

 

6)Contrary to this, the judiciary also feels that the government tries to control it. The matter got aggravated when, on 23 August 2005, the Supreme Court, angered by suggestions to keep off emotive political matters like reservation in private professional institutions, handed a rare public rebuke to the government. The then Attorney General went to the extent of remarking that, ‘Tell us, we will wind up the courts and then do whatever you want.’

 

7)However, in the name of upholding the rule of law and the independence of the judiciary, some judgments of the Apex Court clearly breach the boundary line usurping the role assigned to others. It is on this ground that the Apex Court gave directions which have the force of law.

 

 8)It laid down principles and norms to be followed in adoption of Indian children by foreigners and procedure to be followed for allowing passive euthanasia.

 

9)The Supreme Court acknowledging legislative vacuum in Vishakha vs State of Rajasthan showed its concern for women safety and laid down guidelines for protection of women from sexual harassment at workplace.

 

10)Similarly, in D. K. Basu V. State of West Bengal, the Supreme Court gave detailed guidelines to be observed while making arrests, defined the arrestee’s rights including the right against torture.

 

11)Further, it ruled that if there is a legislative vacuum, the executive should fill it, and if it does not do, the judiciary should do so. However, it contradicts the principle enunciated in D. C. Wadhwa v. State of Bihar that, ordinances cannot replace legislations though the executive was filling a legislative vacuum. The Bihar legislature abdicated its role of law-making and the state was being ruled by ordinances which were repromulgated regularly.

 

12)The Court directed the Union government to create an All-India Judicial Service so as to bring about uniformity in the services of the subordinate judiciary throughout the country. The court is not competent to do this as it is in contravention of Article 312 under which Parliament alone has the power to create All-India Services by law.

 

 

 

 

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12
(b) 2 and 3 
(c) 1 and 3 
(d) None

Answer. a

 

 

 

21)Consider the following :

 

1)Good governance necessitates balance among the three pillars of government - executive, legislature and judiciary with effective checks over one another.

2)The judiciary with its power to judicial review takes a call on the acts of omission and commission of the legislature and executive, in the context of the constitutional provisions and the well established principles of the rule of law, based on the concept of ‘fairness’.

3)This exclusive authority bestows judiciary with greater responsibility.

 

 

 

 

 

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1,2,3
(b) 2 and 3 
(c) 1 and 3 
(d) None

Answer. a

 

 

 

 

 

 

22)Consider the following :

 

1)The Constitution of India confers through Article 142 on Supreme Court, a special power to do complete justice.

 

2)The Supreme Court in 2G Spectrum scam passed an order that no court shall impede the investigation being carried out by the Central Bureau of Investigation and Directorate of Enforcement. Despite the order, the writ petitions were filed before Delhi High Court. The Supreme Court order held that public interest demanded a timely resolution of 2G Spectrum case and hence the order directing that only Supreme Court is competent to consider the petitions of the accused was held to be valid.

 

3)A similar court monitored investigation was also undertaken in the Coal Blocks case. A direction was issued that any prayer for stay or impeding the progress in the investigation/ trial can be made only before the Supreme Court and no other court shall entertain the same.

 

4)In fact, the entire environmental jurisprudence in India evolved through the invocation of Article 142 by the Supreme Court. The Apex Court not only saved the marbles of Taj Mahal from yellowing due to sulphur fumes from the surrounding industries but provided relief to the aggrieved and affected people in many cases. The Supreme Court interventions were appreciated when a five bench judge headed by Venkatachaliah, former Chief Justice of India awarded compensation in Bhopal gas leak tragedy, well beyond the limits created by the statutory provisions. The Apex Court armoured with the weapon of Article 142 has come out proactively to dispense justice to those who are deprived of it due to various social, educational and economic backgrounds. It has played a pivotal role in the evolution of judicial system in India by becoming the voice of the poor and voiceless.

 

5)Good governance necessitates balance among the three pillars of government - executive, legislature and judiciary with effective checks over one another. As stressed upon by Prime Minister, “They are members of the same family...We do not have to prove anyone right or wrong. We know our strengths, we know our weaknesses.” The three wings need to brainstorm on how to move forward in the changed scenario to realise the agenda of Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas, Sabka Vishwas (together with all, development for all, the trust of all) through the mantra of Minimum Government and Maximum Governance.

 

6)This reinforces the spirit of inclusiveness as enunciated by Mahatma Gandhi, “I understand democracy as something that gives the weak the same chance as the strong.” This would also realise the Constitutional vision of Dr. Ambedkar which upholds the principles of rule of law, equality of opportunity to ensure every citizen, the value and dignity he deserves

 

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1,2,3,4,5,6
(b) 2 and 3 
(c) 1 and 3 
(d) None

Answer. a

 

 

 

23)Consider the following :

 

1)The Constitution of India lays down clearly the bases on which foreign policy should be framed and respected.

 

2)The basic thrust of Article 51 is to maintain international peace and security, international relations and international obligations, matters which, under the Indian Constitution, fall exclusively within the domain of the Union.

 

3)Under the Constitution, the constituent units of the Indian Union do not enjoy any international standing . Although this article falls in the Part IV of the Constitution which is non-justiciable, nonetheless, it occupies an important position in the determination of foreign policy in India. The members of the Constituent Assembly acknowledged that declaration of India’s pledge to promote international peace and security was necessary. It was felt by the members that in absence of international peace and security, there could be no peace and economic and social progress in the country. This article requires India to maintain friendly relations with other nations.

 

4)The roots of Article 51(d) which stipulates that the State shall endeavor to encouragement of international disputes by arbitration can be traced to the philosophy of non-violence which emphasises the use of nonviolence approach for the solution of both national and international problems.

 

5)In reality, Article 51(c) does not deal with the enforcement of treaties, it only obligates the State to foster respect for “international law and treaty obligations” in interstate relations. It does not specify that international treaties or agreements entered into by India shall have the force of municipal law without appropriate legislation undertaken under Article 253 which declares,

 

 “Notwithstanding anything in the foregoing provisions of this Chapter, Parliament has power to make any law for the whole or any part of the territory of India for implementing any treaty agreement or convention with any other country or countries or any decision made at any international conference, association or other body.

 

6)Article 253 could be regarded as articulating a “transformation doctrine” essentially a positivisist dualist position. This Article is in conformity with the objectives as declared by Article 51(c), i.e., treaty making, implementation of treaties.. The treaties are not self-executing in India and to make a treaty enforceable in the court, the Parliament has to adopt legislation under the Article 253 of the Constitution.

 

7)Article 246 effects a distribution of legislative power between the Union and the States. Article 246(1) states, “… Parliament has exclusive power to make laws with respect to any of the matters enumerated in List I in the Seventh Schedule (in the “Union List”).”

 

 

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1,2,3,4,5,6,7
(b) 2 and 3 
(c) 1 and 3 
(d) None

Answer. a

 

 

 

 

 

 

24)Consider the following :

 

 

1)Article 51(c) does not deviate from the well-established principle that every State is bound by the principles of international law

 

2)Interestingly, the provisions of the international treaties were invoked in Courts for the purpose of interpreting the domestic law.

 

3)The Supreme Court of India over the years has greatly liberalised the rigours of locus standi of individuals to institute legal proceedings.

 

4)The Supreme Court of India and the High Courts ensured the effective implementation of human rights through a liberalised review of administrative action . Such liberalisation had led to the spurt of public interest litigation and emergence of new forms of jurisdiction in such matters such as epistolary jurisdiction wherein the courts act even on the basis of postcards or telegrams received from individuals or of stories or reports published in magazines or newspapers, and the provision of compulsory legal aid to the needy.

 

5)The Indian judiciary has also made an important contribution to the safeguarding of other major areas of human rights, including the right to life and personal liberty, freedom of expression and speech and the protection of minorities

 

 

6)In Vishaka and others v. State of Rajasthan, the Indian Supreme Court appeared to have moved from transformation doctrine to incorporation doctrine. The court was concerned in that case with the protection to be afforded to working women from sexual harassment at workplace so as to make their fundamental rights meaningful.

 

7)Relying upon Articles 14,15,19(1)(g) of the Constitution, the court observed that “any international convention not inconsistent with the fundamental rights and in harmony with this spirit must be read into these provisions to enlarge the meaning and content thereof to promote the object of the constitutional guarantee

 

 

 

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1,2,3,4,5,6,7
(b) 2 and 3 
(c) 1 and 3 
(d) None

Answer. a

 

 

 

25)Consider the following :

 

1)Human rights jurisprudence in India has reached a stage where one could easily say that the Indian Constitution recognises the fundamental right to human dignity.

 

2)The fundamental right to human dignity directly flows from Article 21 of the Indian Constitution.

 

3)Before Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India, a very narrow and contrite meaning to the fundamental right embodied in Article 21 was given.

 

4)But the Maneka Gandhi decision gave a new direction to human rights jurisprudence. It laid down that not merely should there be procedure established by law, but the procedure itself must also be reasonable, fair and just, otherwise the law would be violative of Article 21.

 

5)Through its various judgments, the Supreme Court rationalised the needed human rights into justiciable fundamental rights.

 

6)The Court has enriched and enlarged the right of access to justice through public interest litigation, transformed the distant Supreme Court into a poor man’s Court via innovations such as epistolary jurisdiction.

 

7)Remarkable advances have been made in the field of human rights by the Supreme Court.

 

8)The main emphasis has been on making basic civil and political rights meaningful for the large masses of people who are living a life of poverty and destitution to whom these basic human rights have so far no meaning or significance because of constant and continuous deprivation and exploitation

 

 

 

 

 

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8
(b) 2 and 3 
(c) 1 and 3 
(d) None

Answer. a

 

 

 

 

 

26)Consider the following :

 

Rashtriya Kishor Swasthya Karyakram has the following component

 

1)The Adolescent Friendly Health Clinics (AFHCs) are established across various levels of public health institutions in all the States

 

2)Weekly Iron Folic Acid Supplementation (WIFS) Programme is being implemented for school going adolescent boys and girls and out of school adolescent girls across the country

 

3)The Peer Educator Programme is being implemented in select 200 districts, based on Composite Health Index and identified as High Priority Districts (HPDs). Within, these districts, 50% of the blocks are beingcovered for implementation of Peer Educator Programme in entirety. Government plans to saturate all the blocks in the selected Peer Educator districts first and then expand in remaining districts gradually based on proposals received from States in their Programme Implementation Plans.

 

4)Under the Menstrual Hygiene Scheme, funds are provided to the States/UTs for procurement of sanitary napkins for Adolescent Girls (aged 10-19 years) as per proposals received from them in their Annual Programme Implementation Plans.

 

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1,2,3,4
(b) 2 and 3 
(c) 1 and 3 
(d) None

Answer. a

 

27)Consider the following Constitutional Provisions Promoting Gender Equality:

 

1)Preamble: Socialism, equal distribution of opportunities and resources, social justice, assuring the dignity of the individual,

2)Article 14: Equality before law and equal protection of laws

3)Article 15(1): Prohibition of discrimination on the grounds of sex,

4)Article 15(3): Empowering State to make special provisions for women and children

5)Article 16(2): Equality of opportunity in matters of public employment; prohibition of discrimination on the grounds of sex

6)Article 38: State to secure a social order for the promotion of welfare of the people with social justice and equal opportunities

7)Article 39(a): Secure, men and women equally, the right to an adequate means of livelihood

8)Article 39A: Equal justice and free legal aid

9)Article 42: Just and humane conditions of work and maternity relief

10)Article 51A(e): Promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India transcending religious, linguistic and regional or sectional diversities; to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of women,

11)Articles 243D (3) & (4) 243T (3) & (4): Reservation of seats for women candidates in Panchayats and Municipalities

 

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11
(b) 2 and 3 
(c) 1 and 3 
(d) None

Answer. a

 

 

 

28)Consider the following :

 

1)Article 51A(e), imposes fundamental duty on the citizens of the country to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of the women and to promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India.

 

2)There are other provisions in Indian Constitution, which empowered State to make special provision for women [Article15(3) and reservation of seats for women in Panchayats & Municipalities (Article 243) etc.

 

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) Both 1 and 2
(b) 1 only
(c) 2 only  
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Answer. a

 

 

 

 

 

 

29)Consider the following :

1)India is committed to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which offers opportunity for historical transformation of gender equality.

2)The country’s investment in economic empowerment of women and poverty eradication will bring radical change in the scenario of gender equality

 

 

 

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) Both 1 and 2
(b) 1 only
(c) 2 only  
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Answer. a

 

 

 

30)Consider the following :

 

1)The implications of perusal and amendments of the Constitution of India, are reflective in our day-to-day lifestyle.

2)A number of about 104 amendments by our legislators testify the fact that the vision of its principal draftsman Dr B R Ambedkar was crystal clear when he said, “However good a Constitution may be, it is sure to turn out bad because those who are called to work it, happen to be a bad lot. However bad a Constitution may be, it may turn out good if those who are called to work it, happen to be a good lot”

 

3)It may be interesting to note for a lay reader that, the first ever document with a constitutional vision ever written, for India was The Constitution of India Bill  popularly known as the Swaraj Bill having at its core Bal Gangadhar Tilak’s “Swaraj is my birth right and I shall have it”, written in a legal style, comprised of 110 articles that first endeavored to ensure various individual rights formally, per say right to free speech, right to property, equality before law etc. It even for the first time made a mention of nationalists’ vision of separation of power so as to achieve efficient governance of a country as diverse and vast as India, interestingly quite similar to what later stood as different verticals of governance, as it purported

 

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1,2,3
(b) 2 and 3 
(c) 1 and 3 
(d) None

Answer. a

 

 

 

 

 

 

31)Consider the following :

1)The Constitution of India shall be divided into 4 powers, viz.

(a) The Sovereign power;

(b) The Legislative power;

(c) The Judicial power;

(d) The Executive power, however contrastingly vested all the four powers within the Parliament of India, being Supreme.

 

2)Also, held the judicial and executive powers as subordinate to the legislative. Where on one hand, “the bill resolved to require all citizens to bear arms” to defend the nation against the enemies within and without, it undertook to ensure judicious usage of those by upholding the virtue of law that would drive each act of the citizens

 

 

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) Both 1 and 2
(b) 1 only
(c) 2 only  
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Answer. a

 

 

 

32)Consider the following :

 

1)The ever-growing urge to have self-governance by the Nationalists strengthened by moderate nationalists, gave way to Morley Minto reforms, brought about with the name India Councils Act 1909, wherein denouncing the actions of extremist nationalists owing to the political situation that was termed as Indian Unrest, Lord Minto realised that it was imperative to engage with the moderates in order to at the least express concern to India for S e l f - G o v e r n a n c e , actually enacted with a clear intention to divide, by providing for separate electorate for Muslims first time ever in the history of India

 

2)However, all the churning was not in vein at least on the face, precisely a decade later, came the Government of India Act-1919, which was blatantly rejected by the Indian National Congress and held by Annie Besant to be unworthy of England to offer and India to accept, also referred to by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar as ‘The British Constitution of India

 

 

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) Both 1 and 2
(b) 1 only
(c) 2 only  
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Answer. a

 

 

 

 

 

33)Consider the following :

 

1)Whereafter, considerable progress into India’s freedom struggle was made as Lord Irwin’s announcement of granting the status of dominion in future, called for severe criticism from all segments in England.

 

 2)Therefore, Irwin met with the nationalist leaders in 1929 to inform that the dominion status though, set to be granted must not be expected anytime soon.

 

3)Hence, the instant demands for the dominion status were given up but only to resolve Purna Swaraj at its next meeting at Lahore on 19 December, 1929, in a short but crisp 750 word document which was made public on 26 January, 1930, that marked the commencement of a massive political movement

setting up the path to renounce the colonial rule.

 

4)The realisation had happened that freedom was our right, justice to one of the most ancient, culturally-rich civilisations and not any charity that we needed to beg for.

 

 5)It clearly reflected in the strongly worded document that was publicised, as follows: “The British government in India has not only deprived the Indian people of their freedom but has based itself on the exploitation of the masses, and has ruined India economically, politically, culturally, and spiritually.”

 

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1,2,3,4,5
(b) 2 and 3 
(c) 1 and 3 
(d) None

Answer. a

 

 

 

34)Consider the following :

 

1)Later, it was in commemoration of this Lahore session that this day was chosen to adopt our Constitution on which journey, several milestones like Karachi Resolution 1931, Poona Pact 1932, Government of India Act 1935, couple of significant drafts of the Constitution and other influential documents came about Shriman Narayan Agrawal in his Gandhian Constitution (Foreword by Gandhi), 1946 undertook exhaustive comparative study of various sociopolitical works by eminent thinkers and authors across the globe bringing face to face State with Totalitarian Man, giving due weightage to nonviolence and separation of powers.

 

2)It is in this document that the provision of Panchayati Raj, finds its source as the author writes, “But real democracy is impossible in a society that remains divided, to use Plato’s terminology, into the ‘cities of the rich’ and ‘the cities of the poor’”, also highlighting its core ingredients of ‘villagism’, decentralisation, which the father of nation looked at as concrete solutions to totalitarian or capitalist regimen.

 

3)It is pertinently held here that, “The all powerful State reduces the individuals to mere ciphers.

 

 

 

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1,2,3
(b) 2 and 3 
(c) 1 and 3 
(d) None

Answer. a

 

 

 

 

 

 

35)Consider the following :

1)Citizenship (Amendment) Act 2019 has received the assent of the President on the 12th December, 2019, and published in a gazette notification

 

2)In the Citizenship Act, 1955 (hereinafter referred to as the principal Act), in section 2, in sub-section (1), in clause (b), the following proviso shall be inserted, namely—”Provided that any person belonging to Hindu, Sikh, Buddhist, Jain, Parsi or Christian community from Afghanistan, Bangladesh or Pakistan, who entered into India on or before the 31st day of December, 2014 and who has been exempted by the Central Government by or under clause (c) of sub-section (2) of section 3 of the Passport (Entry into India) Act, 1920 or from the application of the provisions of the Foreigners Act, 1946 or any rule or order made there under, shall not be treated as illegal migrant for the purposes of this Act

 

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) Both 1 and 2
(b) 1 only
(c) 2 only  
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

Answer. a

 

 

 

36)Consider the following :

 

1)The concept of global poverty estimation was initiated in the 1970s. The global strategists led research to present the international poverty line on the national poverty lines of very poor developing countries. Of all the countries that have taken up Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) to measure their overall poverty statistics, India has been the biggest gainer of them all. This can be concurred by the fact that India, a lower middle- income country, has recorded the fastest reductions in poverty (according to MPI) as reported in September 2019

 

2)To understand the importance of MPI, it is imperative to focus on the motivation that led to a major overhaul and evolution of poverty calculation to MPI. Three such motivations have been normative arguments, empirical evidence and policy perspective.

 

3)If a minimal decent life of freedom can be the major area of interest regarding people uplifted from poverty, then it also needs to be understood that mere focus on money or any one particular means to achieve the end (decent free life) to study this area of interest would be a myopic exercise. Therefore, the need is to study and uplift “impoverished lives”; not just “depleted wallets.”

 

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1,2,3
(b) 2 and 3 
(c) 1 and 3 
(d) None

Answer. a

 

 

 

 

 

 

37)Consider the following :

 

1)Ganjifa cards of Mysore,

2)Kashmir Paper Machie,

3)Madhubani paintings(Mithila Art) , Bihar

4)Kathputlis of Rajasthan,

5)Odisha pattachitra,

6)Varanasi Glass beads

7)Warli painting of Maharashtra

 

 

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

(a) 1,2,3,4,5,6,7
(b) 2 and 3 
(c) 1 and 3 
(d) None

Answer. a

 

 

 

38)Consider the following “Endangered Crafts”:

 

1) Assamese Jewellery,

2)Rogan Painting,

3)Sanjhi Crafts,

4)Ganjeefa Cards

5)Chamba Rumal

 

 

 

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1,2,3,4,5
(b) 2 and 3 
(c) 1 and 3 
(d) None

Answer. a

 

39)Consider the following :

 

Zari is an even thread traditionally made of fine gold or silver used in traditional Indian, Pakistani and Persian garments and curtains, etc. Four types of zari are produced in India, namely, real zari, semi real zari, imitation zari and plastic zari.

 

1)Real zari is made of silver and electroplated with gold,

2) semi real zari has a composition of copper coated with silver and gold electroplating.

3)Surat is the home of zari industry in India.

4)Other clusters producing zari are Bareilly, Varanasi, Agra, Hyderabad, Lucknow, Vadodara, Lathur, Jaipur, Barmer, etc.

 

 

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1,2,3,4
(b) 2 and 3 
(c) 1 and 3 
(d) None

Answer. a

 

 

 

40)Consider the following :

 

 

1)Carpet industry is one of the oldest industries in India, and is primarily an export oriented industry. 2)Various kinds of carpets include hand-knotted woolen carpets, tufted woolen carpets, handmade woolen durries, and pure silk carpets.

3)Major centers of carpet production are Bhadohi, Varanasi, Mirzapur, Agra, Jaipur, Bikaner, Kashmir, and Panipat, Gwalior, West Bengal, Uttarakhand, Karnataka and Elluru in Andhra Pradesh

 

 

 

 

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1,2,3
(b) 2 and 3 
(c) 1 and 3 
(d) None

Answer. a

 

 

 

 

 

 

41)Consider the following :

 

1)India is one the leading producers of rugs in the world.

2)Various kinds of rugs produced in India are namda (felted rugs), gabba (embroidered rugs), wooden pile rugs, cotton rugs, etc.

3)Rug production is concentrated in Agra, Bhadoi, Mirzapur in UP, Jaipur in Rajasthan, Panipat in Haryana, and Kashmir in Jammu and Kashmir.

4)Regions known for durrie making are Panipat, Bhavani in Tamil Nadu, Navalgund in Karnataka, Warangal in Andhra Pradesh, and Jaisalmer and Barmer in Rajasthan

 

 

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1,2,3,4
(b) 2 and 3 
(c) 1 and 3 
(d) None

Answer. a

 

 

 

42)Consider the following :

 

 

1)Hand printed textiles is a craft in which cloth is dyed with hand or printed using shapes.

2)Various types of hand printing practiced in India are block printing, batik, kalamkari (hand printing by pen) and bandhani (tie and die).

3)Some of the important centers of this craft are in Hyderabad, Machalipattnam, Varanasi, Farrukabad, Bagh, Behrongarh, Indore, Mandsar, Burhanpur, Ahmedabad, Rajkot, Kutch, Bagru, Chittroli, Sanganer, Jaipur and Jodhpur

 

 

 

 

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1,2,3
(b) 2 and 3 
(c) 1 and 3 
(d) None

Answer. a

 

 

 

 

 

 

43)Consider the following :

 

1)Filigree is an extremely ancient technique dating back to 4000 years ago.

2)Filigree work is performed on silver and involves significant precision and technicality.

3)Two major clusters of silver filigree in India are Karimnagar in Telangana State  and Cuttack in Odisha. 4)The practice in Karimnagar is about two centuries old. However, it is also practiced in Warangal in Telangana State . Key raw materials used are silver wire, tracing sheet, copper, charcoal, dilute sulphuric acid.

 

 

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1,2,3,4
(b) 2 and 3 
(c) 1 and 3 
(d) None

Answer. a

 

 

 

44)Consider the following :

 

1)Bidriware is a metal handicraft that originated in Bidar, Karnataka.

2)The term ‘Bidriware’ originates from the township of Bidar, which is still the main centre of the unique metal ware.

3)It is a form of encrusted metal ware, where one metal is inlaid on to another.

4)Bidri products include a diverse range of objects including hukka bases, bowls, boxes, candle stands, trays, jewellery and buttons.

5)It travelled from Iran to Ajmer in Rajasthan in the 13th century AD, and from there to Bijapur and flourished during the reign of the Deccan Sultanate. It is also practiced in Aurangabad district in the state of Maharashtra and Hyderabad in Telangana State .

6)The basic metal used for Bidri is the alloy of zinc and copper

 

 

 

 

 

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1,2,3,4,5,6
(b) 2 and 3 
(c) 1 and 3 
(d) None

Answer. a

 

 

 

 

 

 

45):

Indian Folk paintings are pictorial expressions of village painters which are marked by the subjects chosen from epics like Ramayana and Mahabharata, Indian Puranas as well as daily events.  There are several vibrant folk painting types in India in different stages.

 

Consider the following

 

1)The Gond tribe of Chattisgarh is engaged in floor and wall painting.

2)Warli is vivid expression of daily and social events of Warli tribe in Maharashtra/Gujarat.

3)Rajasthan is famous for Phad painting done on cloth.

4)Other types of paintings are Pithora painting in Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh, Madhubani painting of Bihar, Chitrakar painting of West Bengal, Patachitras in Odisha, and Kalamkari in Srikalahasti, and Pedana,Machilipatnam in  Andhra Pradesh

 

 

 

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1,2,3,4
(b) 2 and 3 
(c) 1 and 3 
(d) None

Answer. a

 

 

 

46)Consider the following :

 

 

The craft involves making objects related to festivals and for use in performing arts. Making puppets is one of such crafts, which has a rich tradition in India.

 

1)There are four types of puppets - glove, rod, shadow and string.

2)Puppets from different parts of the country have their own identity.

3)These are produced in several states including Odisha (Kundhei nach, Kathi Kandhe, Ravanachhaya), Karnataka (Gombeyatta, Togalu Gombeatta), Andhra Pradesh (Tholu Bommalata), Tamil Nadu (Thol Bommalattam, Tolpavaikoothu), Rajasthan (Kathputli), Bihar (Yampuri) and Kerala (Tolpavakoothu, Pava-kathakali)

 

 

 

 

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1,2,3
(b) 2 and 3 
(c) 1 and 3 
(d) None

Answer. a

 

 

 

 

 

 

47)Consider the following :

1)Northeast India has the potential to produce the country’s finest silk products, the same of which can be exported outside the country, elevating the economic standard and status of the Northeastern states besides putting Northeast onto the cultural map of the world.

 

2)Assam is the 3rd largest producer of silk in the country and leading among the north-east states.

 

3)On the other hand, Manipur produces almost 100 per cent of the country’s Oak tussar silk and is the highest producer of Mulberry silk among the North east states.

 

4)Whereas, Tripura focuses on production of only Mulberry silk with end to end solutions.

 

5)“Assamese women weave fairy tales in their clothes,” so said Gandhi. Known for its exquisite silk, Assam is home to various types of silk, of which Muga is the most coveted and exclusive.

 

6)In days gone by, weaving was one of the primary qualifications required for women to marry. To date, weaving is linked very intimately with the day to day life of Assamese tribes and the silk woven by various tribes, are valued highly nationally as well as internationally.

 

 

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1,2,3,4,5,6
(b) 2 and 3 
(c) 1 and 3 
(d) None

Answer. a

 

 

 

48)Consider the following :

 

The four priority areas of Sendai Framework include:

1)Understanding Risk

2)Strengthening Risk Governance

3)Investing in disaster resilience

4)Improving capacities for disaster response as well as building back better after disasters

 

 

 

 

 

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1,2,3,4
(b) 2 and 3 
(c) 1 and 3 
(d) None

Answer. a

 

49)Consider the following :

1)Meteorological disasters : Cyclones (cyclones like Phailin and Hudhud)

2)Hydrological disasters : Floods and Cloudbursts (Uttarakhand, Sringar, Chennai)

3)Geological disasters : Landslides (Malin and north Sikkim )

4)Technological disasters : Industrial or road accidents

5)Biological disasters : epidemics and pandemics

6)Environmental disasters: depleting water resources rising level of air pollution in urban areas 

 

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1,2,3,4,5,6
(b) 2 and 3 
(c) 1 and 3 
(d) None

Answer. a

 

 

 

50)Consider the following :

 

1)Bhopal in Madhya Pradesh has become the first city in India to adopt the localisation of the United Nations-mandated sustainable development goals (SDG).

 

2)MP’s capital city will now have voluntary local reviews (VLR) demonstrate local government’s capacity and commitments.

3)Chief Minister Shivraj Chouhan launched an Agenda for Action: Sustainable Urban Transformation in Bhopal  the UN said in a press release. 

4)The SDGs localisation is translating the agenda, Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (known as Agenda 2030), into local actions and impacts that contribute to the global achievement of the goals.

 

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

(a) 1,2,3,4
(b) 2 and 3 
(c) 1 and 3 
(d) None

Answer. a

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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