Civils Prelims
2024 Model Questions
TEST 9
(Prepared
on 21.5.2024 )
Prepared by :
Praturi Potayya
Sarma MA(OU),LLB(OU),PGDIRP
GENERAL STUDIES / Model
Questions based on (Current Affairs)
1) Consider the following :
1) Union Minister for
Finance & Corporate Affairs, had announced in 2019 the launch of ‘Customer
Outreach Initiative’ by Public Sector Banks (PSBs) to improve credit delivery
and support the needs of the economy, with particular focus on MSMEs,
NBFCs, corporates, retail and agriculture sector borrowers, without
compromising prudential lending.
2)’Customer Outreach’
in October 2019 resulted in total credit disbursement of Rs. 2.52 lakh crore.
Which
of the statements given above is / are correct ?
(a)1 only
(b)2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d)Neither 1 nor 2
Ans:
c
2)Consider
the following :
1)E-commerce: E-commerce means
buying and selling of goods and services including digital products over
digital & electronic network.
2)100% FDI under automatic route is permitted in marketplace model of
e-commerce.
Which
of the statements given above is / are correct ?
(a)1 only
(b)2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d)Neither 1 nor 2
Ans:
c
3)Under the Central Sector Scheme for Rehabilitation of Bonded Labourer-
2016, a bonded labour rehabilitation fund is created at the District level by
each State with a permanent corpus of at least Rs.10 Lakh at the disposal of
the District Magistrate.
Consider the following :
1) This fund is utilized for extending immediate financial help to the
released bonded labour. Immediate financial assistance up to Rs.20,000/- per
bonded labour is provided by the concerned District Magistrate from the corpus
fund.
2)This amount is fully reimbursed by the Central Government to the State
Government.
3)The onus of providing corpus to the Districts for the rehabilitation
of the bonded labour is on the State Government and no such data is maintained
by the Central Government.
Which
of the statements given above is / are correct ?
(a)1 and 2 only
(b)1,2,3
(c) Both 2 and 3
(d)Neither 1 nor 2
Ans:
b
4)In order to
provide social security benefits to the workers in the unorganized sector,
Government enacted the Unorganized Workers’ Social Security Act, 2008. In
June, 2017, Government has converged Aam Admi Bima Yojana with Pradhan Mantri
Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana (PMJJBY) and Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana
(PMSBY).Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana (PMJJBY) and Pradhan
Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana (PMSBY) provide insurance cover to unorganized
workers.
Consider
the following :
1)Pradhan
Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana provides life insurance cover of Rs. 2 lakh on
payment of premium of Rs. 330 per annum. PMJJBY is available to people in the
age group of 18 to 50 years.
2)Pradhan
Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana provides insurance coverage of Rs. 2 lakh on
accidental death or full disability, and Rs. 1 lakh on partial disability on
payment of premium of Rs. 12 per annum. The Scheme is available to people in
the age group 18 to 70 years.
3)Pradhan
Mantri Shram Yogi Maan-Dhan (PM-SYM) Yojana was started in February,
2019. This Scheme is a voluntary and contributory pension scheme for the
benefit of unorganized workers, for providing monthly minimum assured pension
of Rs.3,000/- on attaining the age of 60 years.
Which
of the statements given above is / are correct ?
(a)1 and 2 only
(b)1,2,3
(c) Both 2 and 3
(d)Neither 1 nor 2
Ans:
b
5) The Government of India is committed to “Zero Tolerance against Corruption”
and has taken several measures to combat corruption and improve probity and
accountability of Government institutions.
Consider the steps taken by the
Central Government :
1)The Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 has been amended on 26.07.2018
to bring a paradigm shift in tackling corruption in as much as clearly
criminalizing the act of giving bribe, checking big ticket corruption by
creating a vicarious liability in respect of senior management of commercial
organizations where the act of giving of bribe is with their consent or
connivance.
2) The institution of Lokpal has been operationalised by
appointment of a Chairperson and eight Members, including four judicial
Members. Lokpal is statutorily mandated to directly receive and independently
process complaints as regards alleged offences against public servants under
the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988.
3) Issue of instructions by the Central Vigilance Commission (CVC)
asking the organizations to adopt Integrity Pact in major procurement activities
and to ensure effective and expeditious investigation wherever any
irregularity/misconduct is noticed.
Which
of the statements given above is / are correct ?
(a)1 and 2 only
(b)1,2,3
(c) Both 2 and 3
(d)Neither 1 nor 2
Ans:
b
6) Safety is accorded the highest priority
by Indian Railways and all possible steps are undertaken on a continuous basis
to prevent accidents and to enhance safety of passengers.
Consider the following steps/measures have been taken to prevent
accidents:
1)Rashtriya Rail Sanraksha Kosh (RRSK)
has been introduced in 2017-18 for replacement/renewal/upgradation of critical
safety assets, with a corpus of Rs.1 lakh crore for five years, having annual
outlay of ₹20,000 crore.
2) Electrical/Electronic Interlocking Systems with centralized
operation of points and signals are progressively provided to eliminate
accident due to human failure and to replace old mechanical systems. These
systems have been provided at 5,965 stations up to 30.09.2019.
3) Elimination of Unmanned Level
Crossing Gates: 3,479 Unmanned Level Crossings (UMLCs) were eliminated during
the year 2018-19. All UMLCs on Broad Gauge have already been eliminated through
closure/merger/provision of Subway for safety measures.
Which
of the statements given above is / are correct ?
(a)1 and 3 only
(b)1,2,3
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d)Neither 1 nor 2
Ans:
b
7)Consider the following:
1) Festivals are a reflection of one’s cultural identity and heritage.
Hornbill festival was conducted at Kisama, near state capital Kohima
2). It is acknowledged as the rich and unique cultural identity of
Nagas.
Which
of the statements given above is / are correct ?
(a)1 only
(b)2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d)Neither 1 nor 2
Ans:
c
8) India based Neutrino Observatory
is being planned in the Theni district in Tamil Nadu.
Consider the following :
1)INO transit campus where an 85 ton mini-ICAL detector is operational
detecting naturally occurring cosmic ray muons
2)This is a much smaller version of the detector that is planned in the
cavern at the end of a 2km horizontal tunnel at the INO site.
Which
of the statements given above is / are correct ?
(a)1 only
(b)2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d)Neither 1 nor 2
Ans:
c
8) Consider the following:
1)The XV Finance Commission was
constituted by the President of India under Article 280 of the Constitution on
27 November 2017 to make
recommendations for a period of five years from 1st April 2020 to 31 March
2025.
2)The Gazette Notification dated 27
November 2019 mandated the XV Finance Commission to submit the report for the
financial year 2020-21 by 30 November 2019 and thereafter the final report for
the period 1 April 2021 to 31 March 2026 by 30 October 2020.
Which
of the statements given above is / are correct ?
(a)1 only
(b)2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d)Neither 1 nor 2
Ans:
c
9)Consider the following :
1)NIWE has conducted offshore wind resource assessment at Gulf of
Khambhat
2)Gulf of Khambhat is off Gujarat Coast
Which
of the statements given above is / are correct ?
(a)1 only
(b)2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d)Neither 1 nor 2
Ans:
c
10)Consider the following :
1)“Just like Natural Gas, Bio energy also possesses huge potential,
especially in addressing the rising environmental concerns and providing a
solution to the menace of air pollution. Bio energy will contribute
significantly to the nation’s ambitious target of producing 450 GW of
renewables.”
2)We are moving towards a gas based economy. Domestic production of gas
in India is set to grow. We are investing $60 billion in gas based
infrastructure. The speed and scale at which City Gas Distribution ecosystem in
the country has grown in recent times is remarkable.”
Which
of the statements given above is / are correct ?
(a)1 only
(b)2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d)Neither 1 nor 2
Ans:
c
11) The Government of India approved Bharatmala Pariyojana
Phase-I in October, 2017 .
Consider the following :
1)It is with an aggregate length of about 34,800 km (including 10,000 km
residual NHDP stretches) at an estimated outlay of Rs. 5,35,000.00 crores which
also included about 800 km length of expressways.
2)Development of road stretches is taken up post finalisation of
alignment (greenfield/ or brownfield), cost estimates, land acquisition
requirement etc. based on outcome of Detailed Project Report (DPR)/ Feasibility
Study with due consideration to traffic density, up-gradation requirements,
Right of Way (ROW) determination, project viability, inter-se-priority and
availability of funds.
3)Bharatmala Pariyojana Phase-I is targeted for completion in 2021-22.
Which
of the statements given above is / are correct ?
(a)1 and 2 only
(b)3 only
(c) 1,2,3
(d)Neither 1 nor 2
Ans:
c
12) As per 4th All India
Handloom Census (2019-20), there are 2,43,575 handloom weavers and allied
workers in the State of Tamil Nadu, which is the highest among Southern States
and third highest in the country.
o
protect imitation of products by others, following handloom products of Tamil
Nadu have been registered under Geographical Indications Act:
- Kancheepuram
Silk
- Madurai
Silk
- Kavai
Cara Cotton
- Arani
Silk
- Salem
Venpattu Dhoti
- Bhavani
Jamakkalam
13) GOAL (Going Online as Leaders) is a Facebook
initiative. Ministry of Tribal Affairs was not associated with the pilot
project implemented by the Facebook, specific details regarding State wise
beneficiaries are not available.
GOAL Project is stated to aim at identifying and mobilizing renowned
people from industry (policy makers and influencers), known for their
leadership skills or roles, to digitally empower and personally mentor tribal
youth from tribal communities across multiple locations of India.
14)
Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act, 2012
the POCSO Act, 2012 is a comprehensive law that provides protection to
children from the offences of sexual assault, sexual harassment and
pornography. It safeguards the interests of the child at every stage of the
judicial process by incorporating child-friendly mechanisms for reporting,
recording of evidence, investigation and speedy trial of offences through
designated Special Courts.
The POCSO Act has been amended in order to make it more effective in
dealing with cases of child sex abuse in the country and notified on 06.08.2019
and made effective from 16.08.2019. It addresses the need for stringent
measures to deter the rising trend of child sex abuse in the country on one
hand and the menace of relatively new kind of crimes on the other hand. The
following amendments have been brought under POCSO Act, 2012 through POCSO
(Amendment) Act, 2019:-
15) Plog Run is a unique way of picking up garbage while
jogging and was added to the Fit India Movement as a unique way of combining
cleanliness and fitness. Bevli, who started plogging in 2017, started the Fit
India Plogging Run with the aim to make India litter-free. Belvi and his team
have cleaned up 50 cities and covered over 1000km in about 2 months, collecting
2.7 tonnes of garbage.
Ripu Daman Bevli, popularly known as the Plogman of India and named him
the Plogging Ambassador of India. The minister also launched the nation-wide
Plogging Ambassador Mission under which, Indians who have been running and
cleaning their cities, towns or districts, will be nominated as Plogging
Ambassadors of their region.
16) The diabetic population in the country
is close to hitting the alarming mark of 69.9 million by 2025, which denotes
that the country is expected to witness an increase of 266%.
Presently Barauni unit of HFCL and Sindri, Gorakhpur, Ramagundam and
Talcher units of FCIL are being revived.
17)
Assam -Umrangso Reservoir
Arunachal Pradesh –Passighat&Tezu
Meghalaya
–Dwara,
Shella, Tura
18) While, there is no official estimation of logistics cost for India,
some private institutions have estimated the logistics cost to be 13 to 14
percent of the GDP. The proposed policy aims to reduce this to 9 -10 percent of
the GDP.
19) Untimely and prolonged rains during month of September and October,
2019 caused damage to Kharif onion crop leading to short supply and increase in
its prices.
Several steps such as creation of onion buffer of about 57,373 MT during
Rabi 2019, withdrawal of incentive on export of onions under Merchandise
Exports from India Scheme (MEIS) w.e.f. 11.06.2019, imposition of Minimum
Export Price (MEP) of $850/MT on 13.9.19 and subsequent ban on exports of
onions since 29.09.19, facilitation of import by private traders, imposition of
stock limit on onion traders, approval for import/procurement of 1.2 lakh MT of
onion etc., have been taken by Government to curb price rise.
20) The National Food Security Act, 2013 (NFSA) has been adopted by all
the States/UTs, which provides benefits of food subsidy under two categories-
(i) Antyodaya Anna Yojana (AAY) and (ii) Priority households (PHH). There is no
BPL category under NFSA. AAY Households are entitled to receive 35kg of
foodgrains per household per month at the rate of Rs. 3/2/1 per kg for rice,
wheat and coarse grains respectively and Priority Households are entitled to
receive 5 kg of foodgrains per person per month at the same rate as above.
Coverage under NFSA for receiving highly subsidized foodgrains has been delinked
from poverty estimates. Hence, there is no separate BPL category under NFSA.
21)
Selected areas are being identified on case to case basis after due
consideration of operational, security and administrative aspects. The
number of tourists to be permitted will be considered on case to case basis.
The
movement of the civilians to the region will be controlled in a manner, so as
to safeguard the ecology and local flora & fauna.
22) Heat wave has emerged as one of the major severe weather
events around the globe in recent years. Climate change is driving temperatures
higher as well as increasing the frequency and severity of heat waves. India
too is experiencing increased instances of heat waves every year - 23 States
were affected by heat waves in 2019, up from 19 in 2018. Many cities recorded
all-time high temperatures, exceeding 45 degrees Celsius in some of the
worst-affected States this year
Climate Change has led to rise of
average summer temperature by 0.5oC in past five years.
23) As per the National Curriculum Framework, 2005, Health and
Physical Education is a Compulsory subject from Class I to X.
he Board has directed schools to keep one period of HPE for classes
I-XII each day. All students from these classes are compulsorily required
to participate in at least two sports activities as per their interest and
capability and this has been included in the eligibility criteria to appear in
Board Examinations of classes X and XII . The Department of School
Education and Literacy in co-ordination with Department of Sports, is
organising activities on ‘‘Fit India Movement-Fit India School” in schools
to inculcate physical activity and sports into daily life of students.
24) Municipal sewage, being the main source of pollution in
the Ganga, is being tackled through 150 Sewerage projects at a cost of more
than Rs. 23,000 crores (more than 3 billion USD), in addition to various
interventions for checking industrial and other sources of pollution in the
Ganga basin. NamamiGange interventions extend to urban as well as rural areas
covering diverse sectors.
The Sarai 14 MLD Sewage Treatment Plant is the first STP to
be completed under the Hybrid Annuity (HAM) Based Public Private Partnership
Model, involving a cost of Rs. 41.40 crores, and the Plant has been completed
before its scheduled timeline. This Plant is based on advanced aerobic
biological process, Sequential Batch Reactor (SBR) process, capable of removing
the nutrients during treatment and is a 100% eco-friendly project. The plant
will meet the highest standards of output parameters.
Another
unique feature of this HAM project is that after its commissioning, this plant
will also be maintained and operated for a period of 15 years by the same
developer for efficient performance and for meeting output parameters.
25) Protocol on Inland
Water Transit and Trade (PIWT&T) between India and Bangladesh,
Port of Mongla is
declared as Port of Call under PIWT&T and Chattogram port is not part of
PIWT&T. Mongla and Chattogram are declared as Ports of Call under the
“Coastal Shipping Agreement” between India and Bangladesh. A MoU, Agreement and
Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) on the use of Chattogram Port & Mongla
Ports for movement of goods to & from India have been signed by India and Bangladesh.
26) India is self-sufficient in the production of fish and milk
to fulfil the demand, as India is the second largest fish producing county in
the world, as well as first position in world with regards to milk production.
However, fish and milk production in India have been increasing steadily.
Besides, the country’s per capita availability of egg is estimated at 74 per
person per year as per the Basic Animal Husbandry Statistics. However, as
per recommendation of National Institute of Nutrition, the requirement of eggs
per capita per year will be 183 eggs.
27) The Pradhan Mantri Swasthya Suraksha Yojana (PMSSY)
comprises setting up of new AIIMS and upgradation of
existing Government Medical
Colleges/Institutions (GMCIs). Over a period of time, the scheme has been
expanded to cover 22 new AIIMS and 75 GMCIs upgradation projects in seven phase
28) As per the National Family Health
Survey (NFHS) - IV (20015-16), 54.2 percent women (15-49 years) and 59.5
percent children (6-59 months) in rural area of the country are anaemic.
As per Comprehensive National Nutrition
Survey (2016-18), 19% children aged 1-4 years, 17 % children aged 5-9 years and
32% adolescents aged 10-19 years have zinc deficiency in the country.
·
The
most common cause of anaemia is iron deficiency, caused by inadequate dietary
iron intake or absorption, increased needs for iron during pregnancy or growth
periods, and increased iron losses as a result of menstruation and helminth
(intestinal worms) infestation.
·
Other
important causes of anaemia include hemoglobinopathies such as Sickle Cell
anemia, Thalassaemia etc, Malaria and Flurosis.
29) Under Ayushman Bharat – Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana
(AB-PMJAY), health cover up to Rs. 5 lakh per family per annum is provided to
around 10.74 crore poor and vulnerable families as per Socio-Economic Caste
Census data through empanelled hospitals.
Under Ayushman Bharat – Health &
Wellness Centres (AB-HWCs), 1.5 lakh Health Sub Centres and Primary Health
Centres are to be transformed into Health and Wellness Centres across the
country for provision of comprehensive primary care that includes preventive
healthcare and health promotion at the community level with continuum of care
approach by December, 2022.
30) Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM), like the Swachh Bharat Mission
(SBM), will be completed within the stipulated five year period by 2024. “In a
history of projects marred by long delays sometimes pending since 2010, for the
first time a 14 MLD Sewage Treatment Plant, the first STP under the Hybrid
Annuity (HAM) Based Public Private Partnership Model costing Rs. 41.40 crores,
has been completed ahead of schedule
India today is placed 3rd among countries
with the highest number of large dams. Calling for Sustainable Water Resource
Management including restoring Ground Water levels, Shri Singh said we should
avoid over-exploitation of our limited water resources.
Pointing out that India is dependent upon the Monsoon for 70-75% of its
water needs, Shri UP Singh said there has been perceptible change in the
monsoon pattern, with variations in rainfall area and timeline, as part of
overall climate change. “Areas prone to floods like eastern UP and Bihar are
witnessing droughts while dry parts of Rajasthan and Gujarat have been hit by
floods. At the same time, monsoon used to hit Kerala by May last week, but now
monsoon hits Kerala coast only as late as June 2nd week”,
31) Electricity is a concurrent subject and as such providing
electricity connection to households falls under the purview of State
Governments / Power Utility. All the States/UTs have entered into
Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the Government of India for providing 24
x 7 power supply to all households, industrial and commercial consumers from
April, 2019 and adequate supply of power to agricultural consumers as per State
policy. Government of India supplement the efforts of the States through
its various schemes including Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gram Jyoti Yojana (DDUGJY),
Integrated Power Development Scheme (IPDS), Pradhan Mantri Sahaj Bijli Har Ghar
Yojana- Saubhagya and Ujjwal Discom Assurance Yojana (UDAY).
As reported by the States, all the inhabited un-electrified census
villages stand electrified on 28.04.2018 across the country.
Further, to achieve universal household electrification by providing
last mile connectivity and electricity connections to all households in rural
and all poor households in urban areas across the country Government of India
launched Pradhan Mantri Sahaj Bijli Har Ghar Yojana – “Saubhagya” in October,
2017.
32) Indian Railways has
travelled long way since 2010 when Chittaranjan Locomotive Works (CLW) turned
out firstHead on Generation
HOG based electric loco No.30277 (WAP7) having
2X500 KVA Hotel Load Converter installed in the locomotive,which is in regular
train service since then. As of now more than 550 Electric locomotives have
been provided with HOG converter technology and are yielding benefits of
savings on fuel bills to Indian Railways, besides being a noise less and
emission less solution to the End-on-GenerationEOG variant.
The
major advantages of HOG system include:
i. Reduction
in noise- from 100dB noise to noise less,
ii. Significant
reduction of CO2 (over 2500Ton) & NOX(over 10Ton)
emissions till now,
iii. Reduced
Diesel Consumption leading to huge savings in operational
costs to the tune of over Rs.1100 crores per annum,
iv. Economical- EOG
Power Rs 22/unit, HOG Power Rs 6/unit.
33)n
the rapidly evolving energy landscape, hydrogen offers an eco-friendly &
innovative solution for sustainable & green transport fuel. He expressed
happiness on learning that the only emission from this car is water. He further
stated that hydrogen can be produced from various sources including biomass,
renewables, LNG etc. and possesses high energy density and long time storage.
Calling
for greater cost efficiency as the technology evolves, the minister said that
while hydrogen and hybrid technologies are promising, the manufacturing cost of
this high end technology still needs to be worked upon to make it more
affordable in the Indian scenario.
Shri
Pradhan also emphasized that it is imperative for auto makers to develop
economical, innovative and sustainable solutions towards achieving greener and
safer mobility ecosystem in the country.
Talking
about energy transition, and switch to cleaner fuel, he said, “India is
undergoing energy transition and impacting global energy transition in a big
way. We are exploring new sources of energy to create a sustainable and
responsible model of energy transition. Switch to cleaner forms of energy will
also contribute towards ensuring a cleaner environment for our people”.
34) As per Section 2 (13) of Juvenile Justice (Care and
Protection of Children) Act, 2015 (JJ Act), “child in conflict with law” means
a child who is alleged or found to have committed an offence and who has not
completed eighteen years of age on the date of commission of such offence”.
Section 53 of the Act prescribes various rehabilitation and reintegration
services to be provided in institutions for children. These include: basic
requirements such as food and shelter; appropriate education including supplementary
education; skill development, recreational facilities, mental health
interventions, etc. Under Section 8 and 30 of the Act, the Juvenile Justice
Board and Child Welfare Committee are required to conduct at least one
inspection visit every month and every fortnight respectively of
residential facilities for children in conflict with law and recommend action
for improvement in quality of services to the District Child Protection Unit
and the State Government
35) Bhartiya Poshan Krishi Kosh” project has two components –
Development of a Food Atlas and Documentation of promising practices for
Jan-Andolan for POSHAN Abhiyaan. The Agro-Food Atlas is to act as a
repository of diverse crops across 127 agro-climatic zones of the country
having three parts- crops currently being grown, agro-ecological conditions
(soil, organic carbon content, ground water availability etc) and guidance on
how a greater diversity of crops could be encouraged in a particular district
or block to promote dietary diversity and nutrition
36) The Agro-Food Atlas is to act as a repository of diverse crops
across 127 agro-climatic zones of the country having three parts- crops
currently being grown, agro-ecological conditions (soil, organic carbon
content, ground water availability etc) and guidance on how a greater diversity
of crops could be encouraged in a particular district or block to promote
dietary diversity and nutrition. The project includes diverse data sources like
National Sample Survey, Agri-Census, Soil Health Cards, ISRO’s Advanced Wide
Field Sensor (AWiFS) and National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s
(NASA’s) Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectro-Radio meter. The project also
documents social, behavioral and cultural practices that promote and reinforce
healthy dietary behaviors. Identification of promising practices with the help
of a multi-disciplinary group of experts and developments of a tool kit to
disseminate best strategies for Social and Behavioural Change Communication,
specific to population groups in those regions is also a part of it.
37) on the completion of ‘100 days of Pradhan Mantri Van
DhanYojana (PMVDY)’, a national programme driven by TRIFED under Ministry of
Tribal Affairs, aimed at empowering tribals all over the country to make them
entrepreneurs. Addressing at an event to celebrate ‘100 days of PMVDY’ and on
forging an association of Tribes India with Global Designer RituBeriorganized
by TRIFED here today, he said that PMVDY is a Market Linked Tribal
Entrepreneurship Development Program for forming clusters of tribal Self Help
Groups and strengthening them into Tribal Producer Companies. It has been
launched with participation from 27 States of the Country. During the short
period after initiation of sanctioning the Van Dhan program on 27 Aug 2019,
proposals for establishing 799 VDVKs from 24 States have been received and
TRIFED has sanctioned 676 Van DhanVikasKendras (VDVKs) in 18 States covering
2,00,740 beneficiaries for a sanctioned amount of Rs. 99.81 Cr.
38) he Government’s plans to set up an All India Police University and
All India Forensic Science University, with affiliated colleges in the States,
he underscored the Government’s resolve to initiate changes in the IPC and CrPC
to make them more conducive to today’s democratic set up. The Home Minister
also awarded trophies for best Police Stations to the Station House Officers of
Aberdeen (Andaman & Nicobar Islands), Balasinore (Gujarat) and AJK
Burhanpur (Madhya Pradesh).
Kevadia (Gujarat) and Tekenpur (Madhya Pradesh)
39) Mahatma Gandhi had equated spitting with crime.He further said that
Mahatma Gandhi raised an army of satyagrahis, the same way Prime Minister Shri
Narendra Modi raised the army swachhagrahis. In a very short span of time
Swachh Bharat has become a mission. More than 700 districts in the country have
become Open Defecation Free (ODF). Ten crore sixty lakh toilets have been made
in the country. Now, it is the turn of reducing the single use plastic. Shri
Rajnath Singh appealed, “Let us create an awareness against the use of single
use plastic
40) appealed the people present at the event to stop using single use
plastic and said, “If people start carrying bags with them, use of single use
plastic may gradually reduce. By doing this we will be able to save our future
generations from environment related problems.” He also urged people to use
environment friendly things instead of plastic.
41) Stating that India holds only about 4% of global freshwater compared
to around 18% of its population and an equivalent percentage of livestock
population, Shri Shekhawat said India’s urban population is growing at a fast
pace. “As per Census 2011, 377million people are living in urban areas. By
2030, urban India is likely to haveabout 600 million people. This burdens the natural
resources like water bodiesand rivers tremendously”, he said.
42) the Government launched the “NamamiGange” Mission as an integrated
mission for conservation andrejuvenation of Ganga and its tributaries with a
comprehensive basin basedapproach. “In 2016, the National Mission for Clean
Ganga has been notified asan authority for carrying out diverse set of
interventions for obtaining the twingoals of “Nirmalta” & “Aviralta” of
Ganga by ensuring effective abatement ofpollution and maintaining required
ecological flows.Around 305 projects have been taken up for sewage, industrial
effluents etc.This has further been strengthened andaccorded due priority under
Jal Shakti Abhiyan and an integrated approach towater sector through creation
of Ministry for Jal Shakti”, he said. “NamamiGange mission also understands the
crucial role people can play inconservation of river Ganga and has been taking
up several innovative steps forbringing people closer to river Ganga and its
tributaries which contribute in oneway or the other for their rejuvenation”, he
added.
43) “Recently, a massive river rafting expedition called ‘Ganga
Aamantran Abhiyan’ was launched from Devprayag on 10th October, 2019. The expedition covered around 2,500 KM length
of the Ganga during its 34-day journey till Ganga Sagar in West Bengal. Quality
of water in the Ganga has improved tremendously in the last five years. The
best parameter of assessing the quality improvement of water is the growth in
aquatic wildlife. Five years earlier, only tens of Gangetic dolphins were
sighted, but this time they have observed more than 2,000 dolphins and all
other aquatic life has improved. They have also observed massive improvement in
floating trash,” he said, addressing the 4thIndia Water Impact
Summit, 2019 here today.
44)
o Hutbay
- Andaman & Nicobar-Unserved
o Long
Island - Andaman & Nicobar –Underserved
o Neil
Island - Andaman & Nicobar- Underserved
o Havelock
- Andaman & Nicobar-Underserved
o Minicoy
– Lakshadweep Unserved
o Kavaratti
- Lakshadweep -Unserved
45) The Investor Education & Protection Fund
The Authority has been set up under Section 125 of the Companies Act,
2013 (The Act) with the objective of promoting investor education, protection
and also to make refund of claims to the investors as per extant provisions of
the Act. During the last 3 years more than 35,000 Investor Awareness Programmes
(IAPs) have been organised in rural and urban areas of the country through the
Professional Institutes under Ministry of Corporate Affairs and Common Service Centers
(CSCs) e-Governance Services India Limited for creating awareness among the
Investors.
46) The
third India-Australia Secretary-level 2+2 Dialogue was held in New Delhi today.
The Indian delegation was led by Defence Secretary Dr Ajay Kumar and Foreign
Secretary Shri Vijay Gokhale, while the Australian side was led by Defence
Secretary Mr Greg Moriarty and Foreign Secretary Ms Frances Adamson.
During
the dialogue, issues related to bilateral defence engagements, areas to enhance
cooperation in the field of defence industry and defence technology as well as
the prevailing regional security concerns were discussed.
Defence
Secretary conveyed his satisfaction on the ongoing defence engagements between
the two Armed Forces and conveyed the commitment of the Ministry of Defence to
further enhance the defence cooperation engagements, both in scope and complexity.
47) The government is implementing the National Action
Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) with a view to enhancing the ecological
sustainability of India’s development path and address climate change in all
regions of the country. NAPCC comprises, inter alia, of eight National Missions
including National Mission for Sustaining the Himalayan Eco-system (NMSHE).
NMSHE is aimed at evolving management measures for sustaining and safeguarding
the Himalayan glaciers and mountain ecosystem. The mission includes enhanced
monitoring of the Himalayan ecosystem through establishment of the monitoring
network, promoting community based management, human resource development and
strengthening regional cooperation. The Government has prepared guidelines
entitled “Governance for Sustaining Himalayan Ecosystem”, (G-SHE), which has
been shared with all the State Governments in the Himalayan region. 33 States
and Union Territories including all Himalayan States have also prepared their
respective State Action Plan on Climate Change to address the state-specific
issues. The Ministry has notified Coastal Regulation Zone Notification 2019 and
the Island Protection Zone Notification 2019 to regulate high impact activities
on the coast and in maintaining coastal sustainability.
48) As per the Special Report on ‘The Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing
Climate’ released in September 2019 by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change (IPCC), since about 1950; many marine species across various groups have
undergone shifts in geographical range and seasonal activities in response to
ocean warming, sea ice change and biogeochemical changes, such as oxygen loss,
to their habitats. This has resulted in shifts in species composition,
abundance and biomass production of ecosystems, from the equator to the poles.
However, in some marine ecosystems, species are impacted by both the effects of
fishing and climate changes.
The rate of melting varies from glacier to glacier depending on
topography and climatic variability of the region. While, the glaciers in the
eastern and central part of Indian Himalaya are continuously retreating, some
of the glaciers in the Western part of Himalaya are reported to be stable or
advancing.
According to modeling studies, temperatures in the upper Indus, Ganges,
and Brahmaputra basins are projected to increase between 1 to 2°C up until
2050, compared to the baseline period (1998– 2007). Under such conditions, the
amount of glacier and snow meltwater will decrease, while the amount of
rainfall-runoff will increase, for the upper basins of the Ganges and
Brahmaputra. Overall, no significant decrease in runoff is projected until at
least 2050 for all of the basins.
49) Talking about the history of the Act, Shri Shah said that the
original law was brought by the British after the Revolution of 1857, in order
to prevent such an incident in the future. He added that Gandhi ji also
connected the issue of arms ownership with basic rights of Indians and demanded
repeal of the Indian Arms Act, 1878, and this demand was included in the
eight-point agenda that Gandhi ji presented to Lord Irwin. He also said that
after independence, it was deemed that there was no need for an armed
revolution, and the responsibility of the protection of people would be that of
the State, which led to evolution of and amendments in the law.
50)
Human Rights Day is celebrated on the 10th December every year to commemorate
the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), which was adopted and
proclaimed by the General Assembly of the United Nations in 1948 as the shared
standard yardstick to protect human rights across the globe. The Declaration
recognizes that the inherent dignity and the equal and inalienable rights of
mankind are the foundation of justice, freedom and peace in the world.
The
United Nations’ theme for this year’s Human Rights Day is: “Youth Standing up
for Human Rights.” The youth will be celebrated as agents of change and
encouraged to amplify their voices against racism, hate speech, bullying,
discrimination, and fight for climate justice, among other issues, and engage a
broad range of global audiences in the promotion and protection of rights.
Since
its inception on the 12th October, 1993, the Commission has endeavoured to
promote a culture of human rights. The NHRC, like most of the human rights
institutions in the world, is a recommendatory body as per the Protection of
Human Rights Act passed by Parliament. But this provision has not come in the
way of most of the recommendations of the Commission being accepted by the
Governments resulting in the trust and confidence of the people in it. This
reflects in the increasing number of complaints it has been receiving every
year.
The
Commission’s functions also include reviewing safeguards provided under the
Constitution or any Law, make recommendations for effective implementation of
International Conventions/Covenants, undertake research and organize seminars
and discussion programmes on human rights issues, spread awareness about human
rights and encourage efforts of non-governmental organizations towards
promotion of human rights.
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