Monday, 20 May 2024

Civils Prelims 2024 Model Questions TEST 9 (Prepared on 21.5.2024 ) Prepared by : Praturi Potayya Sarma MA(OU),LLB(OU),PGDIRP

 

 

Civils Prelims 2024 Model Questions

TEST 9

  (Prepared on 21.5.2024 )

 

                                                                                                      Prepared by :

Praturi Potayya Sarma MA(OU),LLB(OU),PGDIRP

 

 

GENERAL STUDIES / Model Questions based on (Current Affairs)

 

 

 

 

 

 

1) Consider the following :

1) Union Minister for Finance & Corporate Affairs, had announced in 2019 the launch of ‘Customer Outreach Initiative’ by Public Sector Banks (PSBs) to improve credit delivery and support the needs of the economy, with particular focus on MSMEs, NBFCs, corporates, retail and agriculture sector borrowers, without compromising prudential lending. 

2)’Customer Outreach’ in October 2019 resulted in total credit disbursement of Rs. 2.52 lakh crore.

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 only

(b)2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2  

(d)Neither 1 nor 2

Ans: c

 

 

2)Consider the following :

1)E-commerce: E-commerce means buying and selling of goods and services including digital products over digital & electronic network.

2)100% FDI under automatic route is permitted in marketplace model of e-commerce.

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 only

(b)2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2  

(d)Neither 1 nor 2

Ans: c

 

 

 

 

3)Under the Central Sector Scheme for Rehabilitation of Bonded Labourer- 2016, a bonded labour rehabilitation fund is created at the District level by each State with a permanent corpus of at least Rs.10 Lakh at the disposal of the District Magistrate.

Consider the following :

1) This fund is utilized for extending immediate financial help to the released bonded labour. Immediate financial assistance up to Rs.20,000/- per bonded labour is provided by the concerned District Magistrate from the corpus fund.

2)This amount is fully reimbursed by the Central Government to the State Government.

3)The onus of providing corpus to the Districts for the rehabilitation of the bonded labour is on the State Government and no such data is maintained by the Central Government.

 

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 and 2  only

(b)1,2,3

(c) Both 2 and 3  

(d)Neither 1 nor 2

Ans: b

 

 

 

 

4)In order to provide social security benefits to the workers in the unorganized sector, Government enacted the Unorganized Workers’ Social Security Act, 2008. In June, 2017, Government has converged Aam Admi Bima Yojana with Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana (PMJJBY) and Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana (PMSBY).Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana (PMJJBY) and Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana (PMSBY) provide insurance cover to unorganized workers. 

Consider the following :

1)Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana provides life insurance cover of Rs. 2 lakh on payment of premium of Rs. 330 per annum. PMJJBY is available to people in the age group of 18 to 50 years.

2)Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana provides insurance coverage of Rs. 2 lakh on accidental death or full disability, and Rs. 1 lakh on partial disability on payment of premium of Rs. 12 per annum. The Scheme is available to people in the age group 18 to 70 years. 

3)Pradhan Mantri Shram Yogi Maan-Dhan (PM-SYM) Yojana was started in February, 2019.  This Scheme is a voluntary and contributory pension scheme for the benefit of unorganized workers, for providing monthly minimum assured pension of Rs.3,000/- on attaining the age of 60 years.

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 and 2 only

(b)1,2,3

(c) Both 2 and 3  

(d)Neither 1 nor 2

Ans: b

 

 

 

5) The Government of India is committed to “Zero Tolerance against Corruption” and has taken several measures to combat corruption and improve probity and accountability of Government institutions.

Consider the  steps taken by the Central Government :

 

1)The Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 has been amended on 26.07.2018 to bring a paradigm shift in tackling corruption in as much as clearly criminalizing the act of giving bribe, checking big ticket corruption by creating a vicarious liability in respect of senior management of commercial organizations where the act of giving of bribe is with their consent or connivance.

 

2) The institution of Lokpal has been operationalised by appointment of a Chairperson and eight Members, including four judicial Members. Lokpal is statutorily mandated to directly receive and independently process complaints as regards alleged offences against public servants under the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988.

 

3)  Issue of instructions by the Central Vigilance Commission (CVC) asking the organizations to adopt Integrity Pact in major procurement activities and to ensure effective and expeditious investigation wherever any irregularity/misconduct is noticed.

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 and 2 only

(b)1,2,3

(c) Both 2 and 3  

(d)Neither 1 nor 2

Ans: b

 

 

 

 

 

6) Safety is accorded the highest priority by Indian Railways and all possible steps are undertaken on a continuous basis to prevent accidents and to enhance safety of passengers.

Consider the following  steps/measures have been taken to prevent accidents:

 

1)Rashtriya Rail Sanraksha Kosh (RRSK) has been introduced in 2017-18 for replacement/renewal/upgradation of critical safety assets, with a corpus of Rs.1 lakh crore for five years, having annual outlay of ₹20,000 crore.

2) Electrical/Electronic Interlocking Systems with centralized operation of points and signals are progressively provided to eliminate accident due to human failure and to replace old mechanical systems. These systems have been provided at 5,965 stations up to 30.09.2019.

 

3) Elimination of Unmanned Level Crossing Gates: 3,479 Unmanned Level Crossings (UMLCs) were eliminated during the year 2018-19. All UMLCs on Broad Gauge have already been eliminated through closure/merger/provision of Subway for safety measures.

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 and 3 only

(b)1,2,3

(c) Both 1 and 2  

(d)Neither 1 nor 2

Ans: b

 

 

 

7)Consider the following:

1) Festivals are a reflection of one’s cultural identity and heritage. Hornbill festival was  conducted  at Kisama, near state capital Kohima

2). It is  acknowledged as   the rich and unique cultural identity of Nagas.

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 only

(b)2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2  

(d)Neither 1 nor 2

Ans: c

 

 

 

8)  India based Neutrino Observatory is being planned in the Theni district in Tamil Nadu.

Consider the following :

1)INO transit campus where an 85 ton mini-ICAL detector is operational detecting naturally occurring cosmic ray muons

2)This is a much smaller version of the detector that is planned in the cavern at the end of a 2km horizontal tunnel at the INO site. 

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 only

(b)2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2  

(d)Neither 1 nor 2

Ans: c

 

 

 

 

8) Consider the following:

1)The XV Finance Commission was constituted by the President of India under Article 280 of the Constitution on 27 November 2017 to make recommendations for a period of five years from 1st April 2020 to 31 March 2025. 

 

2)The Gazette Notification dated 27 November 2019 mandated the XV Finance Commission to submit the report for the financial year 2020-21 by 30 November 2019 and thereafter the final report for the period 1 April 2021 to 31 March 2026 by 30 October 2020.

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 only

(b)2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2  

(d)Neither 1 nor 2

Ans: c

 

 

 

9)Consider the following :

1)NIWE has conducted offshore wind resource assessment at Gulf of Khambhat

2)Gulf of Khambhat is off Gujarat Coast

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 only

(b)2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2  

(d)Neither 1 nor 2

Ans: c

 

 

 

 

 

10)Consider the following :

1)“Just like Natural Gas, Bio energy also possesses huge potential, especially in addressing the rising environmental concerns and providing a solution to the menace of air pollution. Bio energy will contribute significantly to the nation’s ambitious target of producing 450 GW of renewables.” 

 

 

2)We are moving towards a gas based economy. Domestic production of gas in India is set to grow. We are investing $60 billion in gas based infrastructure. The speed and scale at which City Gas Distribution ecosystem in the country has grown in recent times is remarkable.”

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 only

(b)2 only

(c) Both 1 and 2  

(d)Neither 1 nor 2

Ans: c

 

 

 

11) The Government of India approved Bharatmala Pariyojana Phase-I in October, 2017 .

Consider the following :

1)It is with an aggregate length of about 34,800 km (including 10,000 km residual NHDP stretches) at an estimated outlay of Rs. 5,35,000.00 crores which also included about 800 km length of expressways.

2)Development of road stretches is taken up post finalisation of alignment (greenfield/ or brownfield), cost estimates, land acquisition requirement etc. based on outcome of Detailed Project Report (DPR)/ Feasibility Study with due consideration to traffic density, up-gradation requirements, Right of Way (ROW) determination, project viability, inter-se-priority and availability of funds.

3)Bharatmala Pariyojana Phase-I is targeted for completion in 2021-22.

Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

(a)1 and 2 only

(b)3 only

(c) 1,2,3  

(d)Neither 1 nor 2

Ans: c

 

 

 

12) As per 4th All India Handloom Census (2019-20), there are 2,43,575 handloom weavers and allied workers in the State of Tamil Nadu, which is the highest among Southern States and third highest in the country.

 

 

o protect imitation of products by others, following handloom products of Tamil Nadu have been registered under Geographical Indications Act:

  1. Kancheepuram Silk
  2. Madurai Silk
  3. Kavai Cara Cotton
  4. Arani Silk
  5. Salem Venpattu Dhoti
  6. Bhavani Jamakkalam

 

 

13) GOAL (Going Online as Leaders) is a Facebook initiative. Ministry of Tribal Affairs was not associated with the pilot project implemented by the Facebook, specific details regarding State wise beneficiaries are not available.  

 

GOAL Project is stated to aim at identifying and mobilizing renowned people from industry (policy makers and influencers), known for their leadership skills or roles, to digitally empower and personally mentor tribal youth from tribal communities across multiple locations of India. 

 

 

14)

Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (POCSO) Act, 2012

the POCSO Act, 2012 is a comprehensive law that provides protection to children from the offences of sexual assault, sexual harassment and pornography. It safeguards the interests of the child at every stage of the judicial process by incorporating child-friendly mechanisms for reporting, recording of evidence, investigation and speedy trial of offences through designated Special Courts.

 

The POCSO Act has been amended in order to make it more effective in dealing with cases of child sex abuse in the country and notified on 06.08.2019 and made effective from 16.08.2019. It addresses the need for stringent measures to deter the rising trend of child sex abuse in the country on one hand and the menace of relatively new kind of crimes on the other hand. The following amendments have been brought under POCSO Act, 2012 through POCSO (Amendment) Act, 2019:-

 

 

 

 

15) Plog Run is a unique way of picking up garbage while jogging and was added to the Fit India Movement as a unique way of combining cleanliness and fitness. Bevli, who started plogging in 2017, started the Fit India Plogging Run with the aim to make India litter-free. Belvi and his team have cleaned up 50 cities and covered over 1000km in about 2 months, collecting 2.7 tonnes of garbage.

 

Ripu Daman Bevli, popularly known as the Plogman of India and named him the Plogging Ambassador of India. The minister also launched the nation-wide Plogging Ambassador Mission under which, Indians who have been running and cleaning their cities, towns or districts, will be nominated as Plogging Ambassadors of their region.

 

 

16) The diabetic population in the country is close to hitting the alarming mark of 69.9 million by 2025, which denotes that the country is expected to witness an increase of 266%.

 

Presently Barauni unit of HFCL and Sindri, Gorakhpur, Ramagundam and Talcher units of FCIL are being revived.

 

 

17)

 

 

Assam -Umrangso Reservoir

 

Arunachal Pradesh –Passighat&Tezu

 

Meghalaya –Dwara, Shella, Tura

 

 

 

 

18) While, there is no official estimation of logistics cost for India, some private institutions have estimated the logistics cost to be 13 to 14 percent of the GDP. The proposed policy aims to reduce this to 9 -10 percent of the GDP.

 

 

 

19) Untimely and prolonged rains during month of September and October, 2019 caused damage to Kharif onion crop leading to short supply and increase in its prices.

Several steps such as creation of onion buffer of about 57,373 MT during Rabi 2019, withdrawal of incentive on export of onions under Merchandise Exports from India Scheme (MEIS) w.e.f. 11.06.2019, imposition of Minimum Export Price (MEP) of $850/MT on 13.9.19 and subsequent ban on exports of onions since 29.09.19, facilitation of import by private traders, imposition of stock limit on onion traders, approval for import/procurement of 1.2 lakh MT of onion etc., have been taken by Government to curb price rise.

 

 

20) The National Food Security Act, 2013 (NFSA) has been adopted by all the States/UTs, which provides benefits of food subsidy under two categories- (i) Antyodaya Anna Yojana (AAY) and (ii) Priority households (PHH). There is no BPL category under NFSA. AAY Households are entitled to receive 35kg of foodgrains per household per month at the rate of Rs. 3/2/1 per kg for rice, wheat and coarse grains respectively and Priority Households are entitled to receive 5 kg of foodgrains per person per month at the same rate as above. Coverage under NFSA for receiving highly subsidized foodgrains has been delinked from poverty estimates. Hence, there is no separate BPL category under NFSA.

 

 

 

21) Selected areas are being identified on case to case basis after due consideration of operational, security and administrative aspects.  The number of tourists to be permitted will be considered on case to case basis.

The movement of the civilians to the region will be controlled in a manner, so as to safeguard the ecology and local flora & fauna.

22) Heat wave has emerged as one of the major severe weather events around the globe in recent years. Climate change is driving temperatures higher as well as increasing the frequency and severity of heat waves. India too is experiencing increased instances of heat waves every year - 23 States were affected by heat waves in 2019, up from 19 in 2018. Many cities recorded all-time high temperatures, exceeding 45 degrees Celsius in some of the worst-affected States this year

 

 

Climate Change has led to rise of average summer temperature by 0.5oC in past five years.

 

 

 

23) As per the National Curriculum Framework, 2005, Health and Physical Education is a Compulsory subject from Class I to X.

 

 

he Board has directed schools to keep one period of HPE for classes I-XII each day.  All students from these classes are compulsorily required to participate in at least two sports activities as per their interest and capability and this has been included in the eligibility criteria to appear in Board Examinations of classes X and XII .  The Department of School Education and Literacy in co-ordination with Department of Sports, is organising activities on ‘‘Fit India Movement-Fit India School” in schools to inculcate physical activity and sports into daily life of students.

 

24) Municipal sewage, being the main source of pollution in the Ganga, is being tackled through 150 Sewerage projects at a cost of more than Rs. 23,000 crores (more than 3 billion USD), in addition to various interventions for checking industrial and other sources of pollution in the Ganga basin. NamamiGange interventions extend to urban as well as rural areas covering diverse sectors.

The Sarai 14 MLD Sewage Treatment Plant is the first STP to be completed under the Hybrid Annuity (HAM) Based Public Private Partnership Model, involving a cost of Rs. 41.40 crores, and the Plant has been completed before its scheduled timeline. This Plant is based on advanced aerobic biological process, Sequential Batch Reactor (SBR) process, capable of removing the nutrients during treatment and is a 100% eco-friendly project. The plant will meet the highest standards of output parameters.

Another unique feature of this HAM project is that after its commissioning, this plant will also be maintained and operated for a period of 15 years by the same developer for efficient performance and for meeting output parameters.

 

 

 

25) Protocol on Inland Water Transit and Trade (PIWT&T) between India and Bangladesh,

 

Port of Mongla is declared as Port of Call under PIWT&T and Chattogram port is not part of PIWT&T.  Mongla and Chattogram are declared as Ports of Call under the “Coastal Shipping Agreement” between India and Bangladesh. A MoU, Agreement and Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) on the use of Chattogram Port & Mongla Ports for movement of goods to & from India have been signed by India and Bangladesh.

 

 

26) India is self-sufficient in the production of fish and milk to fulfil the demand, as India is the second largest fish producing county in the world, as well as first position in world with regards to milk production. However, fish and milk production in India have been increasing steadily.  Besides, the country’s per capita availability of egg is estimated at 74 per person per year as per the Basic Animal Husbandry Statistics.  However, as per recommendation of National Institute of Nutrition, the requirement of eggs per capita per year will be 183 eggs.

 

 

27) The Pradhan Mantri Swasthya Suraksha Yojana (PMSSY) comprises setting up of new AIIMS and upgradation   of   existing   Government   Medical   Colleges/Institutions (GMCIs). Over a period of time, the scheme has been expanded to cover 22 new AIIMS and 75 GMCIs upgradation projects in seven phase

 

28) As per the National Family Health Survey (NFHS) - IV (20015-16), 54.2 percent women (15-49 years) and 59.5 percent children (6-59 months) in rural area of the country are anaemic.

As per Comprehensive National Nutrition Survey (2016-18), 19% children aged 1-4 years, 17 % children aged 5-9 years and 32% adolescents aged 10-19 years have zinc deficiency in the country.

·         The most common cause of anaemia is iron deficiency, caused by inadequate dietary iron intake or absorption, increased needs for iron during pregnancy or growth periods, and increased iron losses as a result of menstruation and helminth (intestinal worms) infestation.

·         Other important causes of anaemia include hemoglobinopathies such as Sickle Cell anemia, Thalassaemia etc, Malaria and Flurosis.

 

 

 

29) Under Ayushman Bharat – Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB-PMJAY), health cover up to Rs. 5 lakh per family per annum is provided to around 10.74 crore poor and vulnerable families as per Socio-Economic Caste Census data through empanelled hospitals.

 

Under Ayushman Bharat – Health & Wellness Centres (AB-HWCs), 1.5 lakh Health Sub Centres and Primary Health Centres are to be transformed into Health and Wellness Centres across the country for provision of comprehensive primary care that includes preventive healthcare and health promotion at the community level with continuum of care approach by December, 2022.

 

30) Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM), like the Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM), will be completed within the stipulated five year period by 2024. “In a history of projects marred by long delays sometimes pending since 2010, for the first time a 14 MLD Sewage Treatment Plant, the first STP under the Hybrid Annuity (HAM) Based Public Private Partnership Model costing Rs. 41.40 crores, has been completed ahead of schedule

 

India today is placed 3rd among countries with the highest number of large dams. Calling for Sustainable Water Resource Management including restoring Ground Water levels, Shri Singh said we should avoid over-exploitation of our limited water resources.

 

Pointing out that India is dependent upon the Monsoon for 70-75% of its water needs, Shri UP Singh said there has been perceptible change in the monsoon pattern, with variations in rainfall area and timeline, as part of overall climate change. “Areas prone to floods like eastern UP and Bihar are witnessing droughts while dry parts of Rajasthan and Gujarat have been hit by floods. At the same time, monsoon used to hit Kerala by May last week, but now monsoon hits Kerala coast only as late as June 2nd week”,

 

 

31)  Electricity is a concurrent subject and as such providing electricity connection to households falls under the purview of State Governments / Power Utility.  All the States/UTs have entered into Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the Government of India for providing 24 x 7 power supply to all households, industrial and commercial consumers from April, 2019 and adequate supply of power to agricultural consumers as per State policy.  Government of India supplement the efforts of the States through its various schemes including Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gram Jyoti Yojana (DDUGJY), Integrated Power Development Scheme (IPDS), Pradhan Mantri Sahaj Bijli Har Ghar Yojana- Saubhagya and Ujjwal Discom Assurance Yojana (UDAY).

 

 As reported by the States, all the inhabited un-electrified census villages stand electrified on 28.04.2018 across the country.

 

Further, to achieve universal household electrification by providing last mile connectivity and electricity connections to all households in rural and all poor households in urban areas across the country Government of India launched Pradhan Mantri Sahaj Bijli Har Ghar Yojana – “Saubhagya” in October, 2017.  

 

32) Indian Railways has travelled long way since 2010 when Chittaranjan Locomotive Works (CLW) turned out firstHead on Generation

 HOG based electric loco No.30277 (WAP7) having 2X500 KVA Hotel Load Converter installed in the locomotive,which is in regular train service since then. As of now more than 550 Electric locomotives have been provided with HOG converter technology and are yielding benefits of savings on fuel bills to Indian Railways, besides being a noise less and emission less solution to the End-on-GenerationEOG variant.

The major advantages of HOG system include:

i.        Reduction in noise- from 100dB noise to noise less,

ii.       Significant reduction of CO2 (over 2500Ton) & NOX(over 10Ton) emissions till now, 

iii.     Reduced Diesel Consumption leading to huge savings in operational costs to the tune of over Rs.1100 crores per annum,

iv.       Economical- EOG Power Rs 22/unit, HOG Power Rs 6/unit.

 

33)n the rapidly evolving energy landscape, hydrogen offers an eco-friendly & innovative solution for sustainable & green transport fuel. He expressed happiness on learning that the only emission from this car is water. He further stated that hydrogen can be produced from various sources including biomass, renewables, LNG etc. and possesses high energy density and long time storage.

Calling for greater cost efficiency as the technology evolves, the minister said that while hydrogen and hybrid technologies are promising, the manufacturing cost of this high end technology still needs to be worked upon to make it more affordable in the Indian scenario.

Shri Pradhan also emphasized that it is imperative for auto makers to develop economical, innovative and sustainable solutions towards achieving greener and safer mobility ecosystem in the country.

Talking about energy transition, and switch to cleaner fuel, he said, “India is undergoing energy transition and impacting global energy transition in a big way. We are exploring new sources of energy to create a sustainable and responsible model of energy transition. Switch to cleaner forms of energy will also contribute towards ensuring a cleaner environment for our people”.

 

34) As per Section 2 (13) of Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015 (JJ Act), “child in conflict with law” means a child who is alleged or found to have committed an offence and who has not completed eighteen years of age on the date of commission of such offence”. Section 53 of the Act prescribes various rehabilitation and reintegration services to be provided in institutions for children. These include: basic requirements such as food and shelter; appropriate education including supplementary education; skill development, recreational facilities, mental health interventions, etc. Under Section 8 and 30 of the Act, the Juvenile Justice Board and Child Welfare Committee are required to conduct at least one inspection visit every month  and every fortnight respectively of residential facilities for children in conflict with law and recommend action for improvement in quality of services to the District Child Protection Unit and the State Government

 

 

35) Bhartiya Poshan Krishi Kosh” project has two components – Development of a Food Atlas and Documentation of promising practices for Jan-Andolan for POSHAN Abhiyaan.  The Agro-Food Atlas is to act as a repository of diverse crops across 127 agro-climatic zones of the country having three parts- crops currently being grown, agro-ecological conditions (soil, organic carbon content, ground water availability etc) and guidance on how a greater diversity of crops could be encouraged in a particular district or block to promote dietary diversity and nutrition

 

 

36) The Agro-Food Atlas is to act as a repository of diverse crops across 127 agro-climatic zones of the country having three parts- crops currently being grown, agro-ecological conditions (soil, organic carbon content, ground water availability etc) and guidance on how a greater diversity of crops could be encouraged in a particular district or block to promote dietary diversity and nutrition. The project includes diverse data sources like National Sample Survey, Agri-Census, Soil Health Cards, ISRO’s Advanced Wide Field Sensor (AWiFS) and National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s (NASA’s) Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectro-Radio meter. The project also documents social, behavioral and cultural practices that promote and reinforce healthy dietary behaviors. Identification of promising practices with the help of a multi-disciplinary group of experts and developments of a tool kit to disseminate best strategies for Social and Behavioural Change Communication, specific to population groups in those regions is also a part of it. 

 

 

37) on the completion of  ‘100 days of Pradhan Mantri Van DhanYojana (PMVDY)’, a national programme driven by TRIFED under Ministry of Tribal Affairs, aimed at empowering tribals all over the country to make them entrepreneurs. Addressing at an event to celebrate ‘100 days of PMVDY’ and on forging an association of Tribes India with Global Designer RituBeriorganized by TRIFED here today, he said that PMVDY is a Market Linked Tribal Entrepreneurship Development Program for forming clusters of tribal Self Help Groups and strengthening them into Tribal Producer Companies. It has been launched with participation from 27 States of the Country. During the short period after initiation of sanctioning the Van Dhan program on 27 Aug 2019, proposals for establishing 799 VDVKs from 24 States have been received and TRIFED has sanctioned 676 Van DhanVikasKendras (VDVKs) in 18 States covering 2,00,740 beneficiaries for a sanctioned amount of Rs. 99.81 Cr.

 

 

38) he Government’s plans to set up an All India Police University and All India Forensic Science University, with affiliated colleges in the States, he underscored the Government’s resolve to initiate changes in the IPC and CrPC to make them more conducive to today’s democratic set up. The Home Minister also awarded trophies for best Police Stations to the Station House Officers of Aberdeen (Andaman & Nicobar Islands), Balasinore (Gujarat) and AJK Burhanpur (Madhya Pradesh).

Kevadia (Gujarat) and Tekenpur (Madhya Pradesh) 

 

 

39) Mahatma Gandhi had equated spitting with crime.He further said that Mahatma Gandhi raised an army of satyagrahis, the same way Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi raised the army swachhagrahis. In a very short span of time Swachh Bharat has become a mission. More than 700 districts in the country have become Open Defecation Free (ODF). Ten crore sixty lakh toilets have been made in the country. Now, it is the turn of reducing the single use plastic. Shri Rajnath Singh appealed, “Let us create an awareness against the use of single use plastic

 

 

40) appealed the people present at the event to stop using single use plastic and said, “If people start carrying bags with them, use of single use plastic may gradually reduce. By doing this we will be able to save our future generations from environment related problems.” He also urged people to use environment friendly things instead of plastic.

 

 

41) Stating that India holds only about 4% of global freshwater compared to around 18% of its population and an equivalent percentage of livestock population, Shri Shekhawat said India’s urban population is growing at a fast pace. “As per Census 2011, 377million people are living in urban areas. By 2030, urban India is likely to haveabout 600 million people. This burdens the natural resources like water bodiesand rivers tremendously”, he said.

 

 

 

42) the Government launched the “NamamiGange” Mission as an integrated mission for conservation andrejuvenation of Ganga and its tributaries with a comprehensive basin basedapproach. “In 2016, the National Mission for Clean Ganga has been notified asan authority for carrying out diverse set of interventions for obtaining the twingoals of “Nirmalta” & “Aviralta” of Ganga by ensuring effective abatement ofpollution and maintaining required ecological flows.Around 305 projects have been taken up for sewage, industrial effluents etc.This has further been strengthened andaccorded due priority under Jal Shakti Abhiyan and an integrated approach towater sector through creation of Ministry for Jal Shakti”, he said. “NamamiGange mission also understands the crucial role people can play inconservation of river Ganga and has been taking up several innovative steps forbringing people closer to river Ganga and its tributaries which contribute in oneway or the other for their rejuvenation”, he added.

 

 

43) “Recently, a massive river rafting expedition called ‘Ganga Aamantran Abhiyan’ was launched from Devprayag on 10th October, 2019. The expedition covered around 2,500 KM length of the Ganga during its 34-day journey till Ganga Sagar in West Bengal. Quality of water in the Ganga has improved tremendously in the last five years. The best parameter of assessing the quality improvement of water is the growth in aquatic wildlife. Five years earlier, only tens of Gangetic dolphins were sighted, but this time they have observed more than 2,000 dolphins and all other aquatic life has improved. They have also observed massive improvement in floating trash,” he said, addressing the 4thIndia Water Impact Summit, 2019 here today.

 

44)

o    Hutbay - Andaman & Nicobar-Unserved

o    Long Island - Andaman & Nicobar –Underserved

o    Neil Island - Andaman & Nicobar- Underserved

o    Havelock - Andaman & Nicobar-Underserved

o    Minicoy – Lakshadweep Unserved

o    Kavaratti - Lakshadweep -Unserved

 

 

45) The Investor Education & Protection Fund

The Authority has been set up under Section 125 of the Companies Act, 2013 (The Act) with the objective of promoting investor education, protection and also to make refund of claims to the investors as per extant provisions of the Act. During the last 3 years more than 35,000 Investor Awareness Programmes (IAPs) have been organised in rural and urban areas of the country through the Professional Institutes under Ministry of Corporate Affairs and Common Service Centers (CSCs) e-Governance Services India Limited for creating awareness among the Investors.

 

46) The third India-Australia Secretary-level 2+2 Dialogue was held in New Delhi today. The Indian delegation was led by Defence Secretary Dr Ajay Kumar and Foreign Secretary Shri Vijay Gokhale, while the Australian side was led by Defence Secretary Mr Greg Moriarty and Foreign Secretary Ms Frances Adamson.

During the dialogue, issues related to bilateral defence engagements, areas to enhance cooperation in the field of defence industry and defence technology as well as the prevailing regional security concerns were discussed.

Defence Secretary conveyed his satisfaction on the ongoing defence engagements between the two Armed Forces and conveyed the commitment of the Ministry of Defence to further enhance the defence cooperation engagements, both in scope and complexity.

 

 

47) The government is implementing the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) with a view to enhancing the ecological sustainability of India’s development path and address climate change in all regions of the country. NAPCC comprises, inter alia, of eight National Missions including National Mission for Sustaining the Himalayan Eco-system (NMSHE). NMSHE is aimed at evolving management measures for sustaining and safeguarding the Himalayan glaciers and mountain ecosystem. The mission includes enhanced monitoring of the Himalayan ecosystem through establishment of the monitoring network, promoting community based management, human resource development and strengthening regional cooperation. The Government has prepared guidelines entitled “Governance for Sustaining Himalayan Ecosystem”, (G-SHE), which has been shared with all the State Governments in the Himalayan region. 33 States and Union Territories including all Himalayan States have also prepared their respective State Action Plan on Climate Change to address the state-specific issues. The Ministry has notified Coastal Regulation Zone Notification 2019 and the Island Protection Zone Notification 2019 to regulate high impact activities on the coast and in maintaining coastal sustainability.

 

48) As per the Special Report on ‘The Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate’ released in September 2019 by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), since about 1950; many marine species across various groups have undergone shifts in geographical range and seasonal activities in response to ocean warming, sea ice change and biogeochemical changes, such as oxygen loss, to their habitats. This has resulted in shifts in species composition, abundance and biomass production of ecosystems, from the equator to the poles. However, in some marine ecosystems, species are impacted by both the effects of fishing and climate changes.

 

The rate of melting varies from glacier to glacier depending on topography and climatic variability of the region. While, the glaciers in the eastern and central part of Indian Himalaya are continuously retreating, some of the glaciers in the Western part of Himalaya are reported to be stable or advancing.

 

According to modeling studies, temperatures in the upper Indus, Ganges, and Brahmaputra basins are projected to increase between 1 to 2°C up until 2050, compared to the baseline period (1998– 2007). Under such conditions, the amount of glacier and snow meltwater will decrease, while the amount of rainfall-runoff will increase, for the upper basins of the Ganges and Brahmaputra. Overall, no significant decrease in runoff is projected until at least 2050 for all of the basins.

 

49) Talking about the history of the Act, Shri Shah said that the original law was brought by the British after the Revolution of 1857, in order to prevent such an incident in the future. He added that Gandhi ji also connected the issue of arms ownership with basic rights of Indians and demanded repeal of the Indian Arms Act, 1878, and this demand was included in the eight-point agenda that Gandhi ji presented to Lord Irwin. He also said that after independence, it was deemed that there was no need for an armed revolution, and the responsibility of the protection of people would be that of the State, which led to evolution of and amendments in the law.

 

 

50) Human Rights Day is celebrated on the 10th December every year to commemorate the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), which was adopted and proclaimed by the General Assembly of the United Nations in 1948 as the shared standard yardstick to protect human rights across the globe. The Declaration recognizes that the inherent dignity and the equal and inalienable rights of mankind are the foundation of justice, freedom and peace in the world.

The United Nations’ theme for this year’s Human Rights Day is: “Youth Standing up for Human Rights.” The youth will be celebrated as agents of change and encouraged to amplify their voices against racism, hate speech, bullying, discrimination, and fight for climate justice, among other issues, and engage a broad range of global audiences in the promotion and protection of rights.

Since its inception on the 12th October, 1993, the Commission has endeavoured to promote a culture of human rights. The NHRC, like most of the human rights institutions in the world, is a recommendatory body as per the Protection of Human Rights Act passed by Parliament. But this provision has not come in the way of most of the recommendations of the Commission being accepted by the Governments resulting in the trust and confidence of the people in it. This reflects in the increasing number of complaints it has been receiving every year.

The Commission’s functions also include reviewing safeguards provided under the Constitution or any Law, make recommendations for effective implementation of International Conventions/Covenants, undertake research and organize seminars and discussion programmes on human rights issues, spread awareness about human rights and encourage efforts of non-governmental organizations towards promotion of human rights.

 

 

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